L-Carnitine’s Effect on the Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
1
Department of Food and Nutrition & Research Institute of Obesity Sciences, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul 01133, Korea
2
Center for Food and Drug Analysis, Gyeongin Regional Korea Food and Drug Administration, Incheon 402835, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
The board member of 2020 Korean Dietary Reference Intakes (KDRI).
Nutrients 2020, 12(9), 2795; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092795
Received: 5 August 2020 / Revised: 6 September 2020 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 / Published: 12 September 2020
(This article belongs to the Section Micronutrients and Human Health)
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was carried out to assess L-carnitine supplements’ influence on the biomarkers of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn). PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and CINAHL were used to collect RCT studies published prior to February 2020. RCT studies were included if they had at least one of the following biomarker outcome measurements: waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), triglyceride (TG), or high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLc). Nine of twenty studies with adequate methodological quality were included in this meta-analysis. The dose of L-carnitine supplementation administered varied between 0.75 and 3 g/day for durations of 8–24 weeks. L-carnitine supplementation significantly reduced WC and systolic BP (SBP), with no significant effects on FBS, TG, and HDLc. We found that L-carnitine supplementation at a dose of more than 1 g/d significantly reduced FBS and TG and increased HDLc. In conclusion, L-carnitine supplementation is correlated with a significant reduction of WC and BP. A dose of 1–3 g/d could improve the biomarkers of MetSyn by reducing FBS and TG and increasing HDLc.
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Keywords:
L-carnitine; metabolic syndrome; waist circumference; blood pressure; fasting blood sugar; triglyceride; HDL-cholesterol
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MDPI and ACS Style
Choi, M.; Park, S.; Lee, M. L-Carnitine’s Effect on the Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2795.
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