Nutritional Interventions in the Management of Fibromyalgia Syndrome
1
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
2
Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2020, 12(9), 2525; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092525
Received: 4 August 2020
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Revised: 13 August 2020
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Accepted: 19 August 2020
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Published: 20 August 2020
(This article belongs to the Section Clinical Nutrition)
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a multifactorial syndrome of unknown etiology, characterized by widespread chronic pain and various somatic and psychological manifestations. The management of FM requires a multidisciplinary approach combining both pharmacological and nonpharmacological strategies. Among nonpharmacological strategies, growing evidence suggests a potential beneficial role for nutrition. This review summarizes the possible relationship between FM and nutrition, exploring the available evidence on the effect of dietary supplements and dietary interventions in these patients. Analysis of the literature has shown that the role of dietary supplements remains controversial, although clinical trials with vitamin D, magnesium, iron and probiotics’ supplementation show promising results. With regard to dietary interventions, the administration of olive oil, the replacement diet with ancient grains, low-calorie diets, the low FODMAPs diet, the gluten-free diet, the monosodium glutamate and aspartame-free diet, vegetarian diets as well as the Mediterranean diet all appear to be effective in reducing the FM symptoms. These results may suggest that weight loss, together with the psychosomatic component of the disease, should be taken into account. Therefore, although dietary aspects appear to be a promising complementary approach to the treatment of FM, further research is needed to provide the most effective strategies for the management of FM.
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Keywords:
fibromyalgia; diet; nutrition; food; review
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Pagliai, G.; Giangrandi, I.; Dinu, M.; Sofi, F.; Colombini, B. Nutritional Interventions in the Management of Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2525. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092525
AMA Style
Pagliai G, Giangrandi I, Dinu M, Sofi F, Colombini B. Nutritional Interventions in the Management of Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Nutrients. 2020; 12(9):2525. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092525
Chicago/Turabian StylePagliai, Giuditta, Ilaria Giangrandi, Monica Dinu, Francesco Sofi, and Barbara Colombini. 2020. "Nutritional Interventions in the Management of Fibromyalgia Syndrome" Nutrients 12, no. 9: 2525. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092525
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