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Volume 12
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10.3390/nu12123837
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Article

Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Subjective Well-Being in a Sample of Portuguese Adults

by
Vanda Andrade
1,
Rui Jorge
1,2,3,
María-Teresa García-Conesa
4,
Elena Philippou
5,6,
Marika Massaro
7,
Mihail Chervenkov
8,9,
Teodora Ivanova
9,10,
Viktorija Maksimova
11,
Katarina Smilkov
11,
Darinka Gjorgieva Ackova
11,
Lence Miloseva
11,
Tatjana Ruskovska
11,
Georgia Eirini Deligiannidou
12,
Christos A. Kontogiorgis
12 and
Paula Pinto
1,2,13,*
1
Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, School of Agriculture, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
2
Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), IPSantarém/IPLeiria, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
3
Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
4
Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Campus de Espinardo, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
5
Department of Life and Health Sciences, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 1700, Cyprus
6
Department of Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
7
National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 73100 Lecce, Italy
8
Slow Food in Bulgaria, 9 Pierre De Geytre St. bl. 3, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
9
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Forestry, 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria
10
Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
11
Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delcev, str. Krste Misirkov, No. 10-A, POB 201, 2000 Stip, Republic of North Macedonia
12
Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece
13
Research Unit of Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
 
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2020, 12(12), 3837; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123837
Received: 13 November 2020 / Revised: 4 December 2020 / Accepted: 7 December 2020 / Published: 16 December 2020
(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Public Health)
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Abstract

The Mediterranean diet (MD) and other lifestyle characteristics have been associated with well-being, a broad multiparameter concept that includes individual’s subjective assessment of their own well-being (SWB). Some studies have suggested that diet influences SWB, thus, this work aimed to add novel information on the association of MD and SWB in a sample of Portuguese adults. Data on sociodemographic, economic, lifestyle, diet, and SWB were collected through a self-filled online questionnaire. MD adherence was assessed by the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) score. Results showed a moderate adherence to the MD in 490 Portuguese adults (mean MEDAS of 7.4 ± 2.1). A higher MD adherence was found to be significantly positively associated with women, employed individuals, a higher number of meals per day, and those with frequent contact with nature (p-value < 0.0025, using Bonferroni adjustment). As a novelty, this study divided the participants into low SWB, medium SWB, and medium to high SWB profiles (3.9 ± 1.0; 6.2 ± 1.0; 8.2 ± 1.3, respectively; p-value < 0.05), which reported significantly increasing MEDAS scores (6.5 ± 2.1; 7.3 ± 2.1; 7.8 ± 1.9; respectively, p-value < 0.05). View Full-Text
Keywords: Mediterranean diet; MEDAS score; subjective well-being; life satisfaction; Portuguese adults Mediterranean diet; MEDAS score; subjective well-being; life satisfaction; Portuguese adults
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MDPI and ACS Style

Andrade, V.; Jorge, R.; García-Conesa, M.-T.; Philippou, E.; Massaro, M.; Chervenkov, M.; Ivanova, T.; Maksimova, V.; Smilkov, K.; Ackova, D.G.; Miloseva, L.; Ruskovska, T.; Deligiannidou, G.E.; Kontogiorgis, C.A.; Pinto, P. Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Subjective Well-Being in a Sample of Portuguese Adults. Nutrients 2020, 12, 3837. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123837

AMA Style

Andrade V, Jorge R, García-Conesa M-T, Philippou E, Massaro M, Chervenkov M, Ivanova T, Maksimova V, Smilkov K, Ackova DG, Miloseva L, Ruskovska T, Deligiannidou GE, Kontogiorgis CA, Pinto P. Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Subjective Well-Being in a Sample of Portuguese Adults. Nutrients. 2020; 12(12):3837. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123837

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrade, Vanda, Rui Jorge, María-Teresa García-Conesa, Elena Philippou, Marika Massaro, Mihail Chervenkov, Teodora Ivanova, Viktorija Maksimova, Katarina Smilkov, Darinka G. Ackova, Lence Miloseva, Tatjana Ruskovska, Georgia E. Deligiannidou, Christos A. Kontogiorgis, and Paula Pinto. 2020. "Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Subjective Well-Being in a Sample of Portuguese Adults" Nutrients 12, no. 12: 3837. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123837

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