Effects of Flaxseed and Its Components on Mammary Gland MiRNome: Identification of Potential Biomarkers to Prevent Breast Cancer Development
1
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
2
Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, West Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada
3
Joannah and Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally.
Nutrients 2019, 11(11), 2656; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112656
Received: 4 October 2019 / Accepted: 1 November 2019 / Published: 4 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Cancer: From Prevention to Survivorship)
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. We previously showed that early-life exposure to flaxseed (FS) or its components, FS oil (FSO) and secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), affects the mammary gland (MG) and is associated with the reduction of breast cancer risk during adulthood. However, the underlying mechanisms are not understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of FS, FSO, and SDG on the MG miRNA signature at a late stage of development. Female C57BL/6 mice, 4–5 weeks of age, were randomized into four groups to receive: (i) basal AIN-93G, (ii) 10% FS, (iii) 3.67% FSO, or (iv) 0.15% SDG. After 21 days, the mice were sacrificed and MG miRNAs were profiled. Diet-specific MG miRNA signatures were identified. Deregulated miRNAs were associated with breast cancer and targeted genes involved in MG development, growth, and cancer. The study allowed for the identification of potential biomarkers or novel therapeutic targets to prevent and/or reduce the risk of breast cancer.
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Keywords:
breast cancer; flaxseed; mammary gland; microRNAs
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MDPI and ACS Style
Taibi, A.; Lin, Z.; Tsao, R.; Thompson, L.U.; Comelli, E.M. Effects of Flaxseed and Its Components on Mammary Gland MiRNome: Identification of Potential Biomarkers to Prevent Breast Cancer Development. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2656.
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