6-Shogaol Suppresses 2-Amino-1-Methyl-6-Phenylimidazo [4,5-b] Pyridine (PhIP)-Induced Human 786-O Renal Cell Carcinoma Osteoclastogenic Activity and Metastatic Potential
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals
2.2. Cell Culture and Conditioned Medium
2.3. Measurement of Secreted Factors
2.4. Isolation of CD14+ Monocytes and Osteoclast Differentiation
2.5. Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR)
2.6. PTHrP Knockdown
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. 2-Amino-1-Methyl-6-Phenylimidazo [4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) Induced Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein (PTHrP) Secretion In Human 786-O Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells
3.2. Conditioned Medium (CM) of PhIP-Treated 786-O Increased Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Ligand (RANKL) and Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (M-CSF) Expression, and Decreased Osteoprotegerin (OPG) Expression in Osteoblasts
3.3. PhIP Increased Human 786-O Renal Cell Carcinoma Cell-Mediated Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Resorption
3.4. PTHrP/IL-8 Autocrine Loop was Involved in the Stimulation of PhIP on Renal Cell Carcinoma-Mediated Osteoclastogenesis
3.5. 6-Shogaol Suppressed PhIP-Mediated Bone Resorption
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Yeh, I.-J.; Chen, S.-C.; Yen, M.-C.; Wu, Y.-H.; Hung, C.-H.; Kuo, P.-L. 6-Shogaol Suppresses 2-Amino-1-Methyl-6-Phenylimidazo [4,5-b] Pyridine (PhIP)-Induced Human 786-O Renal Cell Carcinoma Osteoclastogenic Activity and Metastatic Potential. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2306. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102306
Yeh I-J, Chen S-C, Yen M-C, Wu Y-H, Hung C-H, Kuo P-L. 6-Shogaol Suppresses 2-Amino-1-Methyl-6-Phenylimidazo [4,5-b] Pyridine (PhIP)-Induced Human 786-O Renal Cell Carcinoma Osteoclastogenic Activity and Metastatic Potential. Nutrients. 2019; 11(10):2306. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102306
Chicago/Turabian StyleYeh, I-Jeng, Szu-Chia Chen, Meng-Chi Yen, Yen-Hung Wu, Chih-Hsing Hung, and Po-Lin Kuo. 2019. "6-Shogaol Suppresses 2-Amino-1-Methyl-6-Phenylimidazo [4,5-b] Pyridine (PhIP)-Induced Human 786-O Renal Cell Carcinoma Osteoclastogenic Activity and Metastatic Potential" Nutrients 11, no. 10: 2306. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102306
APA StyleYeh, I.-J., Chen, S.-C., Yen, M.-C., Wu, Y.-H., Hung, C.-H., & Kuo, P.-L. (2019). 6-Shogaol Suppresses 2-Amino-1-Methyl-6-Phenylimidazo [4,5-b] Pyridine (PhIP)-Induced Human 786-O Renal Cell Carcinoma Osteoclastogenic Activity and Metastatic Potential. Nutrients, 11(10), 2306. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102306