Hibiscus sabdariffa Meal Improves Iron Status of Childbearing Age Women and Prevents Stunting in Their Toddlers in Northern Ghana
1
Nutritional Sciences Department, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
2
Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, EL, MI 48824, USA
3
Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Michigan State University, EL, MI 48824, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2019, 11(1), 198; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11010198
Received: 11 December 2018 / Revised: 15 January 2019 / Accepted: 15 January 2019 / Published: 19 January 2019
Globally, iron deficiency (ID) is the most common form of nutritional deficiency, particularly in young children and childbearing age women. ID can lead to stunting and impaired cognitive development in children, as well as adverse maternal health and birth outcomes. In this study, the efficacy of an alternative food-to-food fortification utilizing indigenous iron-rich food sources was investigated in a quasi-experimental study. Childbearing age women (15–49 years, intervention-Kassena Nankana West district: n = 60; control-Builsa North district: n = 60) and their toddlers (6–24 months) consumed Hibiscus sabdariffa leaf meals (HSM, 1.71 mg Fe/100 g meal) three times a week for 12 weeks during the dry/lean season in Northern Ghana. We found that feeding the HSM (1.9 kg/day) improved iron status of women of childbearing age with time (p = 0.011), and protected stunting among toddlers during the dry/lean season (p = 0.024), which is the period with the worst food and nutrition insecurity. Compared with the control group, the number of stunted toddlers declined in the intervention group.
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Keywords:
iron deficiency; iron status; anemia; Hibiscus sabdariffa; reproductive age women; toddlers; Ghana
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MDPI and ACS Style
Kubuga, C.K.; Hong, H.G.; Song, W.O. Hibiscus sabdariffa Meal Improves Iron Status of Childbearing Age Women and Prevents Stunting in Their Toddlers in Northern Ghana. Nutrients 2019, 11, 198. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11010198
AMA Style
Kubuga CK, Hong HG, Song WO. Hibiscus sabdariffa Meal Improves Iron Status of Childbearing Age Women and Prevents Stunting in Their Toddlers in Northern Ghana. Nutrients. 2019; 11(1):198. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11010198
Chicago/Turabian StyleKubuga, Clement K.; Hong, Hyokyoung G.; Song, Won O. 2019. "Hibiscus sabdariffa Meal Improves Iron Status of Childbearing Age Women and Prevents Stunting in Their Toddlers in Northern Ghana" Nutrients 11, no. 1: 198. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11010198
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