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Remote Sensing
Volume 18
Issue 5
10.3390/rs18050698
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Hierarchy Clustering for Cloud Detection Assisted by Spectral Features of Ground Covers

by
Wanxin Song
,
Shilong Jia
,
Tianjin Liu
and
Xiaoyu He
*
School of Electronic Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Remote Sens. 2026, 18(5), 698; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18050698
Submission received: 27 January 2026 / Revised: 24 February 2026 / Accepted: 25 February 2026 / Published: 26 February 2026
Versions Notes

Abstract

Cloud detection is an important procedure for the processing of remote sensing images. A cloud detection scheme driven by the spectral and the temporal features is presented in this paper, where an unsupervised hierarchy clustering approach is proposed for large scale image segmentation. The potential cloudy pixels are identified by means of the spectral matching, in which the spectral data of the clustering centers are compared to the patterns in the spectral dataset of ground covers. The matched pixels are regarded as cloudless pixels, whose category can be recognized accordingly. In contrast, the bright temperatures corresponding to the unmatched pixels are used to exclude the interference of the occasional hotspots, enabling the final cloud detection result. Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 satellite data are used in the validation to demonstrate the precision and stability of the proposed scheme for the data at different spatial resolutions.
Keywords: cloud detection; unsupervised classification; spectral feature; temporal feature cloud detection; unsupervised classification; spectral feature; temporal feature

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MDPI and ACS Style

Song, W.; Jia, S.; Liu, T.; He, X. Hierarchy Clustering for Cloud Detection Assisted by Spectral Features of Ground Covers. Remote Sens. 2026, 18, 698. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18050698

AMA Style

Song W, Jia S, Liu T, He X. Hierarchy Clustering for Cloud Detection Assisted by Spectral Features of Ground Covers. Remote Sensing. 2026; 18(5):698. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18050698

Chicago/Turabian Style

Song, Wanxin, Shilong Jia, Tianjin Liu, and Xiaoyu He. 2026. "Hierarchy Clustering for Cloud Detection Assisted by Spectral Features of Ground Covers" Remote Sensing 18, no. 5: 698. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18050698

APA Style

Song, W., Jia, S., Liu, T., & He, X. (2026). Hierarchy Clustering for Cloud Detection Assisted by Spectral Features of Ground Covers. Remote Sensing, 18(5), 698. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18050698

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