Study of Atomic Oxygen Airglow Intensities and Air Temperature near Mesopause Obtained by Ground-Based and Satellite Instruments above Baikal Natural Territory

The research studied the comparison of the night air temperatures and the atomic oxygen airglow intensities at the mesopause obtained with satellite and ground-based instruments. Satellite data used in this study were obtained with the SABER limb-scanning radiometer operating aboard the TIMED satellite. Data of ground-based monitoring were obtained using the KEO Scientific “Arinae” Fabry–Pérot interferometer adapted for aeronomic research. Since an interferometer detects parameters of the 557.7 nm line for the entire emission layer, it is not quite appropriate to perform a direct comparison between the upper atmospheric temperature obtained from ground-based observations and that from a satellite at a particular height. To compare temperatures correctly, the effective temperature must be calculated based on satellite data. The effective temperature is a height-averaged temperature profile with the weight factors equal to the 557.7 nm line intensity at relevant heights. The height profile of intensity of this natural green airglow of the upper atmosphere is calculated from the height profile of atomic oxygen concentration. Data on chemical composition and air temperature at the mesopause from SABER were used to calculate the profiles. The night intensity of the 557.7 nm emission obtained from satellite data in this way was in good accordance with the results of ground-based observations, but the temperatures were different. The reason for temperature discrepancy was assumed to lie in the incorrect position of the intensity maximum of the reconstructed emission layer. According to our calculations based on SABER data, the intensity peak was observed at the height of 94–95 km. By shifting it relative to the SABER temperature height profile, we re-calculated the effective temperatures and compared them with the interferometer data. The best coincidence between seasonal temperature variations obtained using the proposed method was achieved when the maximum of the reconstructed 557.7 nm intensity height profile was shifted to 97 km, but it could not eliminate minor local differences in temperature behavior.