An Improved Method Combining CNN and 1D-Var for the Retrieval of Atmospheric Humidity Profiles from FY-4A/GIIRS Hyperspectral Data
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Datasets and Models
2.1. Datasets
2.2. Models
2.2.1. RTTOV
2.2.2. CNN
2.2.3. ANN
3. Method
3.1. Data Preprocessing
3.2. CNN Training
3.3. Initial Profiles
3.4. 1D-Var
4. Results
4.1. CNN Effect Verification
4.2. CNN_BT Accuracy Verification
4.2.1. Comparison Experiment with Observation Data
4.2.2. Comparison Experiment with the ANN Deviation Correction Method
4.3. Humidity Retrieval
4.3.1. Weight Function
4.3.2. Humidity Profile
5. Discussion
5.1. Discussion of CNN
5.2. Discussion of the Humidity Retrieval Method
5.3. Weaknesses of Our Method
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameters | Indicators |
---|---|
Spectral range (wavenumber) | Long wave: 700–1130 cm−1 Medium wave: 1650–2250 cm−1 |
Spectral resolution | 0.625 cm−1 |
Number of channels | Long wave: 689 Medium wave: 961 |
Sensitivity | Long wave: 0.5–1.12 mW/(m2 sr cm−1) Medium wave: 0.1–0.14 mW/(m2 sr cm−1) |
Spatial resolution | 16 km (Nadir) |
Time resolution | <1 h (China regions) <1/2 h (Meso-small scale) |
Area of detection | 5000 × 5000 km2 (China regions) 1000 × 1000 km2 (Meso-small scale) |
Spectral calibration accuracy | 10 ppm |
Radiometric calibration accuracy | 1.5 K |
Wave Number/cm−1 | RMSE CNN_BT/K | RMSE ANN_BT/K |
---|---|---|
1728.125 | 1.375719986 | 1.406364218 |
1755 | 1.371845853 | 1.561754943 |
1759.375 | 1.336333 | 1.534812246 |
1766.875 | 1.240220055 | 1.347038005 |
1778.125 | 1.301464082 | 1.209132471 |
1789.375 | 1.191061161 | 1.281530755 |
1823.75 | 1.250634003 | 1.641993764 |
1826.875 | 1.426850153 | 1.381052567 |
1842.5 | 1.349534745 | 1.362948201 |
1846.875 | 1.28274309 | 1.30117348 |
Mean | 1.312640612 | 1.402780064 |
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Huang, P.; Guo, Q.; Han, C.; Tu, H.; Zhang, C.; Yang, T.; Huang, S. An Improved Method Combining CNN and 1D-Var for the Retrieval of Atmospheric Humidity Profiles from FY-4A/GIIRS Hyperspectral Data. Remote Sens. 2021, 13, 4737. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234737
Huang P, Guo Q, Han C, Tu H, Zhang C, Yang T, Huang S. An Improved Method Combining CNN and 1D-Var for the Retrieval of Atmospheric Humidity Profiles from FY-4A/GIIRS Hyperspectral Data. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13(23):4737. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234737
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Pengyu, Qiang Guo, Changpei Han, Huangwei Tu, Chunming Zhang, Tianhang Yang, and Shuo Huang. 2021. "An Improved Method Combining CNN and 1D-Var for the Retrieval of Atmospheric Humidity Profiles from FY-4A/GIIRS Hyperspectral Data" Remote Sensing 13, no. 23: 4737. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234737