Spatial Downscaling of MODIS Snow Cover Observations Using Sentinel-2 Snow Products
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Sites
2.2. Probabilistic Spatial Resolution Increase
2.3. Evaluation Metrics
3. Results
3.1. Sensitivity Test of FSC Thresholds
3.2. Daily Improvement of the Probabilistic Snow Occurrence Distribution
3.3. Spatial Impact When Mapping the Snow-Covered Area Distribution
3.4. Impact on Total Snow-Covered Area Estimation
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Probability Assessment on ProbMODIS Product
References
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Test Area | No Snow | Partially Snow-Covered | All Snow |
---|---|---|---|
Pyrenees | FSC ≤ 0.25 | 0.25 < FSC ≤ 0.75 | 0.75 < FSC |
Sierra Nevada | FSC ≤ 0.15 | 0.15 < FSC ≤ 0.85 | 0.85 < FSC |
Picos de Europa | FSC ≤ 0.15 | 0.15 < FSC ≤ 0.75 | 0.75 < FSC |
Study Area | Method | Kappa | Agree | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | CV | Mean | CV | ||
Pyrenees | ProbMODIS | 0.57 | 0.21 | 84.23 | 8.41 |
ProbSentinel | 0.55 | 0.21 | 83.92 | 8.49 | |
BinMODIS20m | 0.51 | 0.23 | 82.76 | 8.94 | |
Picos de Europa | ProbMODIS | 0.52 | 0.21 | 87.14 | 7.38 |
ProbSentinel | 0.51 | 0.21 | 86.88 | 7.54 | |
BinMODIS20m | 0.41 | 0.25 | 85.06 | 8.64 | |
Sierra Nevada | ProbMODIS | 0.71 | 0.15 | 91.25 | 3.18 |
ProbSentinel | 0.7 | 0.15 | 90.86 | 3.3 | |
BinMODIS20m | 0.64 | 0.18 | 89.31 | 4.04 |
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Revuelto, J.; Alonso-González, E.; Gascoin, S.; Rodríguez-López, G.; López-Moreno, J.I. Spatial Downscaling of MODIS Snow Cover Observations Using Sentinel-2 Snow Products. Remote Sens. 2021, 13, 4513. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224513
Revuelto J, Alonso-González E, Gascoin S, Rodríguez-López G, López-Moreno JI. Spatial Downscaling of MODIS Snow Cover Observations Using Sentinel-2 Snow Products. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13(22):4513. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224513
Chicago/Turabian StyleRevuelto, Jesús, Esteban Alonso-González, Simon Gascoin, Guillermo Rodríguez-López, and Juan Ignacio López-Moreno. 2021. "Spatial Downscaling of MODIS Snow Cover Observations Using Sentinel-2 Snow Products" Remote Sensing 13, no. 22: 4513. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224513