Recent Accelerating Glacier Mass Loss of the Geladandong Mountain, Inner Tibetan Plateau, Estimated from ZiYuan-3 and TanDEM-X Measurements
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Area
3. Data and Methods.
3.1. Glacier Surface Topographic Data
3.2. Glacier Outlines
3.3. DEM Co-Registration and Differencing
3.4. Corrections of Systematic Biases
3.5. Glacier Mass Balance Estimation and Error Analysis
4. Results
4.1. Glacier Surface Elevation Changes
4.2. Glacier Mass Balances of the GLDDM
5. Discussion
5.1. Comparison with Previous Studies
5.2. The Influence of X-band Radar Penetration in Geodetic Estimates
5.3. Difference in Mass Balances of Surge-Type Glaciers
5.4. Contribution of Glacier Mass Loss to River Runoff
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Acquisition Date | Sensor | Imaging Mode | Cloud Cover/Coherence | Orbit Cycle |
---|---|---|---|---|
21 December 2016 | ZY3-02 | Panchromatic | 3% a | 61 |
15 December 2017 | ZY3-02 | Panchromatic | 8% a | 59 |
15 December 2017 | ZY3-02 | Panchromatic | 4% a | 59 |
16 March 2012 | TanDEM-X | SAR | 0.84 b | 158 |
16 March 2012 | TanDEM-X | SAR | 0.80 b | 158 |
13 November 2012 | TanDEM-X | SAR | 0.79 b | 180 |
Time Period | Glacier Elevation Change (m yr−1) | Glacier Mass Balance (m w.e. yr−1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-Surge | Surge-Type | Entire GLDDM | Non-Surge | Surge-Type | Entire GLDDM | |
2000–2012 | −0.14 ± 0.04 | −0.09 ± 0.03 | −0.13 ± 0.04 | −0.12 ± 0.04 | −0.08 ± 0.03 | −0.11 ± 0.03 |
2012–2018 | −0.62 ± 0.13 | −0.18 ± 0.06 | −0.55 ± 0.11 | −0.53 ± 0.12 | −0.15 ± 0.05 | −0.47 ± 0.09 |
2000–2018 | −0.32 ± 0.09 | −0.13 ± 0.06 | −0.28 ± 0.08 | −0.27 ± 0.08 | −0.11 ± 0.05 | −0.24 ± 0.07 |
Mass Balance (m w.e. yr−1) | Time Period | Study | Method a |
---|---|---|---|
−0.11 ± 0.03 | 2000-2012 | This study | Geod. |
−0.12 ± 0.22 | 2000-2014 | Liu et al., (2017) [32] | Geod. |
−0.13 ± 0.06 | 2003-2009 | Chao et al., (2017) [31] | Geod. |
−0.14 ± 0.08 | 2000-2011 | Zhang et al., (2018) [61] | Albed. |
−0.32 ± 0.09 | 2000-2013 | Xu et al., (2018) [62] | Geod. |
−0.47 ± 0.09 | 2012-2018 | This study | Geod. |
−0.48 ± 0.13 | 2012-2016 | Zhang et al., (2018) [61] | Albed. |
−0.24 ± 0.07 | 2000-2018 | This study | Geod. |
−0.24 ± 0.10 | 2000-2016 | Zhang et al., (2018) [61] | Albed. |
Time Period | SRYR | Tuotuo River |
---|---|---|
2000–2012 | −0.029 ± 0.011 | −0.025 ± 0.010 |
2012–2018 | −0.187 ± 0.043 | −0.102 ± 0.031 |
2000–2018 | −0.078 ± 0.032 | −0.052 ± 0.021 |
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Liu, L.; Jiang, L.; Zhang, Z.; Wang, H.; Ding, X. Recent Accelerating Glacier Mass Loss of the Geladandong Mountain, Inner Tibetan Plateau, Estimated from ZiYuan-3 and TanDEM-X Measurements. Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 472. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12030472
Liu L, Jiang L, Zhang Z, Wang H, Ding X. Recent Accelerating Glacier Mass Loss of the Geladandong Mountain, Inner Tibetan Plateau, Estimated from ZiYuan-3 and TanDEM-X Measurements. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12(3):472. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12030472
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Lin, Liming Jiang, Zhimin Zhang, Hansheng Wang, and Xiaoli Ding. 2020. "Recent Accelerating Glacier Mass Loss of the Geladandong Mountain, Inner Tibetan Plateau, Estimated from ZiYuan-3 and TanDEM-X Measurements" Remote Sensing 12, no. 3: 472. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12030472