Consumers’ Attitudes towards Organic Products and Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Romania
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Organic Market in Romania
2. Literature Review
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Sample and Data Collection
3.2. Study Methods and Data Analysis
4. Results
4.1. Consumers Attitudes Relating to Organic Food Products
4.2. Attitude towards Organic Products across Clusters of Consumers
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Eigenvalue | Variance % | Factor | Item | Factor Loading | Communalities | Mean | SD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4.71 | 18.83 | Natural and sustainable consumption α = 0.81 Mean = 4.34 SD = 0.894 | No artificial colors and flavors | 0.803 | 0.659 | 4.41 | 1.172 |
No artificial ingredients (e.g., preservatives) | 0.788 | 0.661 | 4.28 | 1.260 | |||
No traces of pesticides and fertilizers | 0.770 | 0.643 | 4.34 | 1.201 | |||
No GMO products | 0.681 | 0.543 | 4.30 | 1.270 | |||
Low impact on environment | 0.609 | 0.429 | 4.37 | 1.060 | |||
3.16 | 12.63 | Extrinsic attributes α = 0.76 Mean = 3.36 SD = 0.966 | Package is attractive | 0.721 | 0.730 | 3.14 | 1.449 |
Packages are recyclable | 0.721 | 0.561 | 3.29 | 1.426 | |||
Label is attractive | 0.693 | 0.696 | 2.98 | 1.404 | |||
Label offers information about quality, nutritional aspects | 0.653 | 0.541 | 4.01 | 1.164 | |||
Package offers information about consume | 0.614 | 0.452 | 3.42 | 1.275 | |||
1.96 | 7.84 | Health α = 0.67 Mean = 4.61 SD = 0.521 | High nutritional value | 0.722 | 0.618 | 4.34 | 1.023 |
Rich in vitamins and minerals | 0.602 | 0.551 | 4.75 | 0.649 | |||
Are healthy | 0.586 | 0.434 | 4.71 | 0.755 | |||
Rich in proteins | 0.582 | 0.433 | 4.56 | 0.834 | |||
Natural ingredients | 0.527 | 0.441 | 4.70 | 0.666 | |||
1.51 | 6.05 | Sensory appeal α = 0.69 Mean = 4.22 SD = 0.682 | Smells nice | 0.716 | 0.545 | 4.44 | 0.895 |
Pleasant texture | 0.697 | 0.545 | 3.96 | 1.146 | |||
Taste good | 0.686 | 0.584 | 4.70 | 0.655 | |||
Regular consumed | 0.571 | 0.455 | 3.80 | 1.156 | |||
1.44 | 5.64 | Weight concern α = 0.6 Mean = 3.73 SD = 0.857 | Takes no time to prepare | 0.730 | 0.579 | 3.46 | 1.335 |
High content of fibers | 0.619 | 0.666 | 4.25 | 1.050 | |||
Low in fat | 0.606 | 0.530 | 3.67 | 1.229 | |||
Low in calories | 0.542 | 0.418 | 3.54 | 1.470 | |||
1.07 | 4.27 | Social statute α = 0.48 Mean = 2.93 SD = 1.215 | Premium (luxury) products | 0.795 | 0.654 | 3.11 | 1.537 |
It is fashionable | 0.503 | 0.547 | 2.76 | 1.462 | |||
Total variance percentage | 55.26 |
Factors | Cluster 1 (n = 66, 12.22%) | Cluster 2 (n = 285, 52.78%) | Cluster 3 (n = 189, 35.0%) | F Value | Significance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Natural and sustainable consumption | −2.095124 | 0.394237 | 0.137146 | 449.936501 | 0.000 |
Extrinsic attributes | 0.184133 | 0.524107 | −0.854620 | 183.140515 | 0.000 |
Health aspects | 0.375763 | 0.339933 | −0.643817 | 77.386549 | 0.000 |
Sensory appeal | 0.348757 | −0.016644 | −0.096690 | 5.010264 | 0.007 |
Weight concern | −0.362732 | −0.064218 | 0.223505 | 9.971582 | 0.000 |
Factors | Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | F Value | Scheffé Multiple Range Tests | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I–II | I–III | II–III | |||||
Natural and sustainable consumption | 2.51 | 4.73 | 3.38 | 427.100 *** | *** | *** | *** |
Extrinsic attributes | 3.52 | 3.85 | 2.56 | 163.994 *** | ** | *** | *** |
Health aspects | 4.64 | 4.83 | 4.28 | 83.315 *** | * | *** | *** |
Sensory appeal | 4.38 | 4.29 | 3.08 | 7.775 *** | n/a a | ** | ** |
Weight concern | 3.33 | 3.86 | 3.67 | 11.597 *** | *** | * | * |
Characteristics | Variables | Cluster I | Cluster II | Cluster III | Chi-Square | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of Members | 66 | 285 | 189 | DF | |||
Gender | Female | 31 (47%) | 138 (48.4%) | 74 (39.2%) | χ2 = 4.061, df = 2 | 0.131 | |
Male | 35 (53%) | 147 (51.6%) | 115 (60.8%) | ||||
Age | 15–24 | 8 (12.1%) | 43 (15.1%) | 41 (21.7%) | χ2 = 9.623, df = 10 | 0.474 | |
25–34 | 13 (19.7%) | 66 (23.2%) | 39 (20.6%) | ||||
35–44 | 23 (34.8%) | 70 (24.6%) | 51 (27.0%) | ||||
45–54 | 14 (21.2%) | 64 (22.5%) | 31 (16.4%) | ||||
55–64 | 8 (12.1%) | 40 (14.0%) | 25 (13.2%) | ||||
Over 65 | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (0.7%) | 2 (1.1%) | ||||
Education level | Illiterate | 2 (3.0%) | 2 (0.7%) | 1 (0.5%) | χ2 = 20.320, df = 6 | 0.002 | |
Less than high school | 11 (16.7%) | 12 (4.2%) | 16 (8.5%) | ||||
High school | 33 (50.0%) | 142 (49.8%) | 103 (54.5%) | ||||
University degree | 20 (30.3%) | 129 (45.3%) | 69 (36.5%) | ||||
Household monthly income | <225 euro | 28 (42.4%) | 88 (30.9%) | 70 (37.0%) | χ2 = 18.387, df = 6 | 0.005 | |
225–445 euro | 23 (34.8%) | 81 (28.4%) | 32 (16.9%) | ||||
445–895 euro | 9 (13.6%) | 81 (28.4%) | 59 (31.2%) | ||||
>895 euro | 6 (9.1%) | 35 (12.3%) | 28 (14.8%) | ||||
Categories of organic products | Fruits and vegetables | 60 (90.9%) | 264 (92.6%) | 173 (91.5%) | χ2 = 0.317, df = 2 | 0.853 | |
Meat and meat products | 48 (72.75) | 218 (76.5%) | 153 (81%) | χ2 = 2.324, df = 2 | 0.313 | ||
Bakery products | 39 (59.1%) | 152 (53.3%) | 94 (49.7%) | χ2 = 1.793, df = 3 | 0.408 | ||
Dairy products | 58 (87.9%) | 229 (80.4%) | 163 (86.2) | χ2 = 3.959, df = 2 | 0.138 | ||
Sweets | 24 (36.4%) | 75 (26.3%) | 44 (23.3%) | χ2 = 4.309, df = 2 | 0.116 | ||
Perception on organic products | Statement (mean) | - | - | - | F-value | p-value | |
Officially-recognized (certified) | 5.29 a | 5.35 | 5.10 | 1.112 | 0.330 | ||
Special label | 5.23 ** | 4.78 | 4.85 ** | 6.802 | 0.001 | ||
Obtained on small farms | 5.83 | 5.19 | 4.82 | 1.401 | 0.247 | ||
Obtained through modern technologies (innovative) | 3.45 | 3.93 | 3.83 | 1.346 | 0.261 |
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Share and Cite
Oroian, C.F.; Safirescu, C.O.; Harun, R.; Chiciudean, G.O.; Arion, F.H.; Muresan, I.C.; Bordeanu, B.M. Consumers’ Attitudes towards Organic Products and Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Romania. Sustainability 2017, 9, 1559. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9091559
Oroian CF, Safirescu CO, Harun R, Chiciudean GO, Arion FH, Muresan IC, Bordeanu BM. Consumers’ Attitudes towards Organic Products and Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Romania. Sustainability. 2017; 9(9):1559. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9091559
Chicago/Turabian StyleOroian, Camelia F., Calin O. Safirescu, Rezhen Harun, Gabriela O. Chiciudean, Felix H. Arion, Iulia C. Muresan, and Bianca M. Bordeanu. 2017. "Consumers’ Attitudes towards Organic Products and Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Romania" Sustainability 9, no. 9: 1559. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9091559