Next Article in Journal
Soil Quality Impacts of Current South American Agricultural Practices
Previous Article in Journal
Threats to Sustainability of Soil Functions in Central and Southeast Europe
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Sustainability
Volume 7
Issue 2
10.3390/su7022189
sustainability-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Edit a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share announcement question_answer thumb_up
...
textsms
...
Review

Bioremediation of Heavy Metals from Soil and Aquatic Environment: An Overview of Principles and Criteria of Fundamental Processes

by
Ruchita Dixit
1,
Wasiullah
1,
Deepti Malaviya
1,
Kuppusamy Pandiyan
1,
Udai B. Singh
1,
Asha Sahu
2,
Renu Shukla
1,
Bhanu P. Singh
3,
Jai P. Rai
4,
Pawan Kumar Sharma
1,
Harshad Lade
5 and
Diby Paul
5,*
1
National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan 275 101, India
2
Division of Soil Biology, Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal 462 038, India
3
Udai Pratap Autonomous College, Varanasi 221 002, India
4
Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology (Krishi Vigyan Kendra), Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
5
Department of Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Vincenzo Torretta
Sustainability 2015, 7(2), 2189-2212; https://doi.org/10.3390/su7022189
Received: 11 September 2014 / Revised: 21 January 2015 / Accepted: 11 February 2015 / Published: 17 February 2015
(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sustainability and Applications)
View Full-Text Download PDF
Browse Figures

Abstract

Heavy metals are natural constituents of the environment, but indiscriminate use for human purposes has altered their geochemical cycles and biochemical balance. This results in excess release of heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead, nickel, zinc etc. into natural resources like the soil and aquatic environments. Prolonged exposure and higher accumulation of such heavy metals can have deleterious health effects on human life and aquatic biota. The role of microorganisms and plants in biotransformation of heavy metals into nontoxic forms is well-documented, and understanding the molecular mechanism of metal accumulation has numerous biotechnological implications for bioremediation of metal-contaminated sites. In view of this, the present review investigates the abilities of microorganisms and plants in terms of tolerance and degradation of heavy metals. Also, advances in bioremediation technologies and strategies to explore these immense and valuable biological resources for bioremediation are discussed. An assessment of the current status of technology deployment and suggestions for future bioremediation research has also been included. Finally, there is a discussion of the genetic and molecular basis of metal tolerance in microbes, with special reference to the genomics of heavy metal accumulator plants and the identification of functional genes involved in tolerance and detoxification. View Full-Text
Keywords: heavy metals; toxicity; biodegradation; bioremediation; phytoremediation heavy metals; toxicity; biodegradation; bioremediation; phytoremediation
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
SciFeed

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Dixit, R.; Wasiullah; Malaviya, D.; Pandiyan, K.; Singh, U.B.; Sahu, A.; Shukla, R.; Singh, B.P.; Rai, J.P.; Sharma, P.K.; Lade, H.; Paul, D. Bioremediation of Heavy Metals from Soil and Aquatic Environment: An Overview of Principles and Criteria of Fundamental Processes. Sustainability 2015, 7, 2189-2212. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7022189

AMA Style

Dixit R, Wasiullah, Malaviya D, Pandiyan K, Singh UB, Sahu A, Shukla R, Singh BP, Rai JP, Sharma PK, Lade H, Paul D. Bioremediation of Heavy Metals from Soil and Aquatic Environment: An Overview of Principles and Criteria of Fundamental Processes. Sustainability. 2015; 7(2):2189-2212. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7022189

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dixit, Ruchita, Wasiullah, Deepti Malaviya, Kuppusamy Pandiyan, Udai B. Singh, Asha Sahu, Renu Shukla, Bhanu P. Singh, Jai P. Rai, Pawan Kumar Sharma, Harshad Lade, and Diby Paul. 2015. "Bioremediation of Heavy Metals from Soil and Aquatic Environment: An Overview of Principles and Criteria of Fundamental Processes" Sustainability 7, no. 2: 2189-2212. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7022189

Find Other Styles

Article Metrics

Article Access Map by Country/Region

1
Only visits after 24 November 2015 are recorded.
Back to TopTop