Sustainability of Domestic Sewage Sludge Disposal
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
Sample | Cd | Cr | Cu | Ni | Pb | Zn | Hg |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Domestic | 1.357 ± 0.026 | 39.58 ± 2.96 | 456.6 ± 7.3 | 31.21 ± 1.13 | 70.69 ± 1.46 | 1260.8 ± 18.1 | 0.580 ± 0.086 |
Urban with agro-industrial intrusions | 0.331 ± 0.039 | 45.10 ± 0.29 | 455.2 ± 2.1 | 21.55 ± 0.46 | 18.70 ± 0.57 | 286.3 ± 4.7 | 1.320 ± 0.210 |
Urban with industrial intrusions | 1.099 ± 0.032 | 57.16 ± 1.16 | 727.2 ± 7.3 | 34.09 ± 0.94 | 57.84 ± 0.49 | 510.5 ± 3.8 | 1.730 ± 0.096 |
Limit 2000 | 10 | 1000 | 1000 | 300 | 750 | 2500 | 10 |
Limit 2015 | 5 | 800 | 800 | 200 | 500 | 2000 | 5 |
Limit 2025 | 2 | 600 | 600 | 100 | 200 | 1500 | 2 |
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Sewage Sludge Pollution
Sample | EOX (AOX) | ΣLAS | DEHP | ΣNPE | ΣPAH | ΣPCB | ΣPCDD/PCDF * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Domestic | 9.03 | 48.8 | 6.20 | 1.57 | 1.15 | <0.0035 | 49 |
Urban with agro-industrial intrusions | 9.79 | 64.5 | 13.04 | 1.01 | 0.55 | <0.0035 | 41 |
Urban with industrial intrusions | 10.10 | 239.1 | 6.31 | 0.80 | 1.03 | <0.0035 | 40 |
Limit 2000 | 500 | 2600 | 100 | 50 | 6 | 0.8 | 100 |
3.2. Soil Pollution
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References and Notes
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Rizzardini, C.B.; Goi, D. Sustainability of Domestic Sewage Sludge Disposal. Sustainability 2014, 6, 2424-2434. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6052424
Rizzardini CB, Goi D. Sustainability of Domestic Sewage Sludge Disposal. Sustainability. 2014; 6(5):2424-2434. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6052424
Chicago/Turabian StyleRizzardini, Claudia Bruna, and Daniele Goi. 2014. "Sustainability of Domestic Sewage Sludge Disposal" Sustainability 6, no. 5: 2424-2434. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6052424