Knowledge-Based Estimation of Edible Fern Harvesting Sites in Mountainous Communities of Northeastern Japan
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Data and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Target Fern Species
2.3. GIS Data Set
Explanatory Variables | Description | Min | Max | Mean | Std. Dev. | Unit |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vegetation | Vegetation classes: deciduous broadleaved forest, young and mature conifer plantations, pine forest, scrubland, and grassland. | (binary) | - | |||
Terrain features derived from a 20-m DEM a | ||||||
Gradient | Gradient measured as the maximum rate of change in surface elevation between each cell and its neighbors. | 0.06 | 54.68 | 21.41 | 8.63 | degrees |
Aspect | Aspect measured clockwise from north. | 0 | 360 | 184.7 | 103.7 | degrees |
Relative slope position | Relative slope position was measured by the height from the nearest drainage line to each grid point [46] divided by the vertical size of a side slope profile, i.e., height between the nearest drainage and ridge lines. | 0 | 1 | 0.63 | 0.33 | - |
Proximity to roads | Path distance to the nearest roadway on a 20-m DEM. Inverse distance weighting up to 60 degrees in both upslope and down slope directions was applied. | 0 | 2538.6 | 652.3 | 542.4 | m |
2.4. MCE
2.5. Model Verification
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Matsuura, T.; Sugimura, K.; Miyamoto, A.; Tanaka, N. Knowledge-Based Estimation of Edible Fern Harvesting Sites in Mountainous Communities of Northeastern Japan. Sustainability 2014, 6, 175-192. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6010175
Matsuura T, Sugimura K, Miyamoto A, Tanaka N. Knowledge-Based Estimation of Edible Fern Harvesting Sites in Mountainous Communities of Northeastern Japan. Sustainability. 2014; 6(1):175-192. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6010175
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatsuura, Toshiya, Ken Sugimura, Asako Miyamoto, and Nobuhiko Tanaka. 2014. "Knowledge-Based Estimation of Edible Fern Harvesting Sites in Mountainous Communities of Northeastern Japan" Sustainability 6, no. 1: 175-192. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6010175
APA StyleMatsuura, T., Sugimura, K., Miyamoto, A., & Tanaka, N. (2014). Knowledge-Based Estimation of Edible Fern Harvesting Sites in Mountainous Communities of Northeastern Japan. Sustainability, 6(1), 175-192. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6010175