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Open AccessReview
Effective Strategies for Environmental Health Risk Communication
by
John M. Johnston
John M. Johnston 1,*
and
Matthew C. Harwell
Matthew C. Harwell 2,†
1
USEPA Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Athens, GA 30605, USA
2
USEPA Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Newport, OR 97365, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2026, 18(1), 76; https://doi.org/10.3390/su18010076 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 22 August 2025
/
Revised: 9 December 2025
/
Accepted: 12 December 2025
/
Published: 20 December 2025
Abstract
Effective risk communication designed for risk management increases concern and motivates action by providing guidance and specific actions that can be taken. When exposures to environmental contaminants or stressors are ubiquitous or pollutant sources are not easily controlled, also decreasing sustainability, risk communication is focused on actions for risk reduction and avoidance. Three recommended practices (use of virtual exemplars, narrative, and social media) are discussed as tactics and platforms to inform public beliefs and behaviors and to encourage adoption of long-term planning goals that avoid the consequences of future risks. These risk communication strategies appeal broadly to lay audiences, are not limited to scientists and science-trained risk communicators, and are consistent with the US EPA’s SALT Framework, a research-based approach with recommended practices to guide risk communication. The overall strategy is to make risk communication more effective by using approaches that are dynamic, interactive, engaging, and relatable.
Share and Cite
MDPI and ACS Style
Johnston, J.M.; Harwell, M.C.
Effective Strategies for Environmental Health Risk Communication. Sustainability 2026, 18, 76.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su18010076
AMA Style
Johnston JM, Harwell MC.
Effective Strategies for Environmental Health Risk Communication. Sustainability. 2026; 18(1):76.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su18010076
Chicago/Turabian Style
Johnston, John M., and Matthew C. Harwell.
2026. "Effective Strategies for Environmental Health Risk Communication" Sustainability 18, no. 1: 76.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su18010076
APA Style
Johnston, J. M., & Harwell, M. C.
(2026). Effective Strategies for Environmental Health Risk Communication. Sustainability, 18(1), 76.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su18010076
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