The Role of Digitalization in Cross-Border E-Commerce Performance of Italian SMEs
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Literature Review and Research Development
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Dependent Variable
3.2. Explanatory Variables
3.3. Control Variables
4. Empirical Results
Model A | Model B | Model C | Model D | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Step 1 | Step 2.B | Step 3.B | Step 2.C | Step 2.D | |
Control variables | |||||
# of employees (<50 vs. ≥50) | −0.021 | −0.019 | −0.026 | −0.034 | −0.015 |
E-commerce sales over total sales | 0.022 *** | 0.022 *** | 0.021 *** | 0.015 *** | 0.015 *** |
E-business | |||||
ERP software | −0.045 * | −0.044 * | |||
Internet speed | 0.013 | 0.012 | |||
Catalogue | 0.016 ** | 0.016 * | |||
E-marketing | |||||
CRM software | −0.027 | ||||
Social network | 0.065 *** | ||||
Data tracking | 0.063 ** | ||||
E-commerce | |||||
Proprietary e-commerce | 0.193 *** | ||||
Third-party e-commerce | 0.280 *** | ||||
Observations | 1876 | 1876 | 1876 | 1876 | 1876 |
Mean VIF | 1.23 | 3.59 | 3.89 | 3.25 | 3.25 |
5. Concluding Remarks
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Type | Variable Description |
---|---|---|
Cross-border e-commerce | Dependent variable | Cross-border e-commerce refers to the buying and selling of goods and services across national borders, typically online. |
# of employees | Control variable | The number of employees refers to the total headcount of a company, including full-time, part-time, and temporary workers. |
E-commerce sales over total sales | Control variable | E-commerce sales over total sales refers to the percentage of a company’s total sales that are generated through online channels. |
ERP software | E-business variable | ERP (enterprise resource planning) software is a type of software that helps companies to manage their business processes, including financials, operations, and supply chain management. |
Internet speed | E-business variable | Internet speed refers to the speed at which data are transmitted over the Internet. |
Catalogue | E-business variable | A catalogue is a comprehensive list of products or services offered by a company, typically in a print or digital format. |
CRM software | E-marketing variable | CRM (customer relationship management) software is a type of software that helps companies to manage their interactions with customers, including sales, marketing, and customer service. |
Social network | E-marketing variable | A social network is an online platform that enables users to connect, communicate, and share content with others. |
Data tracking | E-marketing variable | Data tracking refers to the collection and analysis of data to gain insights into business performance, customer behavior, and market trends. |
Proprietary e-commerce | E-commerce variable | Proprietary e-commerce refers to e-commerce platforms that are owned and operated by a specific company, typically for the purpose of selling its own products. |
Third-party marketplace | E-commerce variable | A third-party marketplace is an e-commerce platform that enables multiple sellers to list and sell their products to a shared customer base. |
Variables | Sample Size | Mean/Freq (Xj = 1) | Std Dev | Min | Max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cross-border e-commerce | 1876 | 0.362 | 0.481 | 0 | 1 |
# of employees (<50 vs. ≥50) | 1876 | 0.315 | 0.464 | 0 | 1 |
E-commerce sales over total sales | 1876 | 8.816 | 16.034 | 0 | 50 |
ERP software | 1876 | 0.506 | 0.500 | 0 | 1 |
Internet speed | 1876 | 4.531 | 1.243 | 1 | 5 |
Catalogue | 1876 | 0.823 | 0.382 | 0 | 1 |
CRM software | 1876 | 0.461 | 0.499 | 0 | 1 |
Social network | 1876 | 0.846 | 0.361 | 0 | 1 |
Data tracking | 1876 | 0.397 | 0.489 | 0 | 1 |
Proprietary e-commerce | 1876 | 0.640 | 0.480 | 0 | 1 |
Third-party marketplace | 1876 | 0.341 | 0.474 | 0 | 1 |
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
# of employees | (1) | 1.0000 | |||||||||
E-commerce sales/total sales | (2) | −0.0466 | 1.0000 | ||||||||
ERP software | (3) | 0.1758 | 0.0065 | 1.0000 | |||||||
Internet speed | (4) | 0.1612 | 0.0899 | 0.1662 | 1.0000 | ||||||
Catalogue | (5) | 0.0133 | 0.1687 | 0.0725 | 0.0792 | 1.0000 | |||||
CRM software | (6) | 0.0851 | 0.0763 | 0.3260 | 0.1819 | 0.1179 | 1.0000 | ||||
Social network | (7) | 0.0505 | 0.1210 | 0.0715 | 0.0803 | 0.1078 | 0.1607 | 1.0000 | |||
Data tracking | (8) | 0.0845 | 0.1161 | 0.0907 | 0.0830 | 0.1504 | 0.2338 | 0.2131 | 1.0000 | ||
Proprietary e-commerce | (9) | 0.0318 | 0.5887 | 0.0632 | 0.0838 | 0.2140 | 0.0718 | 0.1231 | 0.0856 | 1.0000 | |
Third-party marketplace | (10) | −0.0443 | 0.4763 | −0.0602 | −0.0092 | 0.1039 | 0.0156 | 0.1638 | 0.1130 | 0.3216 | 1.0000 |
Model B | Model C | Model D | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Step 2.B | Step 3.B | Step 2.C | Step 2.D | |
Control variables | ||||
# of employees (<50 vs. ≥50) | −0.382 *** | −0.097 | −0.095 * | −0.013 |
E-commerce sales over total sales | 0.069 *** | 0.068 *** | 0.049 *** | 0.049 *** |
E-business | ||||
ERP software | −0.056 ** | −0.047 * | ||
Internet speed | −0.005 | 0.013 | ||
Catalogue | 0.015 * | 0.017 * | ||
E-marketing | ||||
CRM software | −0.039 | |||
Social network | 0.063 * | |||
Data tracking | 0.030 | |||
E-commerce | ||||
Proprietary e-commerce | 0.171 *** | |||
Third-party e-commerce | 0.282 *** | |||
Interactions | ||||
ERP software × # of employees | 0.034 | |||
Internet speed × # of employees | 0.075 *** | |||
Catalogue × # of employees | 0.058 | |||
CRM software × # of employees | 0.043 | |||
Social network × # of employees | 0.006 | |||
Data tracking × # of employees | 0.107 ** | |||
Proprietary e-commerce × # of employees | 0.087 | |||
Third-party e-commerce × # of employees | −0.004 | |||
Observations | 1876 | 1876 | 1876 | 1876 |
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Dallocchio, M.; Lambri, M.; Sironi, E.; Teti, E. The Role of Digitalization in Cross-Border E-Commerce Performance of Italian SMEs. Sustainability 2024, 16, 508. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020508
Dallocchio M, Lambri M, Sironi E, Teti E. The Role of Digitalization in Cross-Border E-Commerce Performance of Italian SMEs. Sustainability. 2024; 16(2):508. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020508
Chicago/Turabian StyleDallocchio, Maurizio, Marcello Lambri, Emiliano Sironi, and Emanuele Teti. 2024. "The Role of Digitalization in Cross-Border E-Commerce Performance of Italian SMEs" Sustainability 16, no. 2: 508. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020508
APA StyleDallocchio, M., Lambri, M., Sironi, E., & Teti, E. (2024). The Role of Digitalization in Cross-Border E-Commerce Performance of Italian SMEs. Sustainability, 16(2), 508. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020508