Identifying the Drivers of Circular Food Packaging: A Comprehensive Review for the Current State of the Food Supply Chain to Be Sustainable and Circular
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- RQ1: What is the current state of the food packaging industry in terms of packaging design, materials used, and adopted technologies?
- RQ2: Why is the existing system not enough for the sustainability of the food packaging industry and what possible solutions are there in the literature?
- RQ3: What are the addressed drivers for applying CE principles in the food packaging industry?
2. Comprehensive Review
2.1. Current State of Food Packaging
2.2. Packaging Materials and Design
3. Methodology
4. Analysis
Drivers of Circular Food Packaging
5. Findings
6. Discussion and Implications
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Food Sub-Sectors |
---|
Meat: chicken, turkey, pork, beef, sausage, buffalo meat, poultry |
Fish: tuna, shrimp, sardine, mussel, salmon |
Dairy: butter, margarine, milk, yoghurt, cheese |
Bakery: bread, cookie, pasta |
Milling: wheat, rice, grain |
Beverages: soft drink and breweries, carbonated soft drink, wine, liquor, tea, coffee |
Grocery: fruit and vegetables |
Dried food: seasoning, dressing and spice, fried baked snacks, |
Oil: sunflower seed oil, olive oil, sesame oil |
Frozen food: ice manufacturing (frozen) |
Tea and Coffee: tea, herbal tea, coffee whitener, coffee |
Other food: snacks, appetizer, syrup, cereal, noodle, popcorn, food-to-go (packaged and processed food) sweets, pet food |
Sauce: puree, chopped tomato, peeled tomato, marmalade |
Materials |
---|
Plastic: cellophane plastics, film, bag, bottle, styrofoam box, plastic pouch |
Metal: aluminum foil, steel, tin, iron, zinc, copper, gold, nickel, silver, titanium, zirconium, mica tinplate |
Paper and board: paper bag, newspaper, magazines, paper foil, recycled paper, disposable paper foil, paperboard, paper box, carton, cardboard, greaseproof paper, kraft paper, sulfite paper, parchment paper |
Wood: wooden plate, cellulose, timber pallet, wooden boxes |
Glass: glass bow, cup, jar, bottle |
Green material: nanomaterial, biodegradable, starch lends, plant-based material, leaves |
Multimaterial: polymer, composite, polypropylene, polyolefin, bio-nanocomposites multilayer |
Printing ink: printing inks, adhesives, photoinitiators, solvents, plasticizers, surfactants and pigments, processing aids |
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Steps of Systematic Literature Review | Sub-Steps of Systematic Literature Review | Description of the Layers | Adaptation of SLR into This Study | ||||
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Step 1: Systematic Research Design of the Review (Design Process) | Sub-step 1: Problem Statement |
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Sub-step 2: Research Gap |
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Sub-step 3: Research Questions (RQs) |
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Sub-step 4: Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria |
| Inclusion Criteria: Language: English; Search Timeline: 2022–1990 | Exclusion Criteria: Language: Publication not in English; Type: book, white paper, workshop | ||||
Sub-step 5: Search String |
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Sub-step 6: Database and Search Engines |
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Step 2: Initial Step for Searching Publications (Search Process) | Sub-step 1: Data Evaluation |
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Sub-step 2: First Extraction Step |
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Sub-step 3: Second Extraction Step |
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Sub-step 4: | Duplication Extraction |
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Sub-step 5: Final Extraction Step |
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Step 3: Developing Analysis Framework (Analysis Process) | an | Sub-step 1: Data Collection |
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Sub-step 2: Coding |
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Sub-step 3: Statistical Analysis |
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Sub-step 4: Interpretation |
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Sub-step 5: Conclusion |
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Circular Economy | “circular economy” OR “sustainable design” OR “circular design” OR “circular product design” OR “circular product design” OR “close the loop” OR “sustainable packaging strategy” OR “package design for sustainability” OR “redesign” OR “reuse” OR “remanufacture” OR “repurpose” OR “refurbish” OR “recycle” OR “circular design” OR “modular design” OR “cradle to cradle” OR “closed loop” OR “green design” OR “reversible design” OR “transition to circular economy” |
AND | |
Drivers | “drivers” OR “enablers” OR “facilitators” OR “success factors” OR “promoters” |
AND | |
Food | “seafood” OR “meat” OR “perishable” OR “food” OR “dairy” OR “food loss” OR “food waste” OR “dried food” OR “durable goods packaging” OR “groceries” OR “groceries packaging” OR “dried food packaging” OR “aquaculture” OR “fishing” OR “aquaculture packaging” OR “fish packaging” OR “cold chain packaging” OR “liquid” OR “cooking oil” |
AND | |
Supply Chain and Logistics | “supply chain in retail” OR “circular food supply chain” OR “meat supply chain” OR “food supply chain” OR “dairy supply chain” OR “reverse logistics” OR “closed loop supply chain” OR “wholesale supply chain” OR “intermediate supply chain” OR “perishable supply chain” OR “durable goods supply chain” OR “groceries supply chain” OR “dried food supply chain” OR “aquaculture supply chain” OR “fishing supply chain” OR “frozen food supply chain” OR “cold chain supply chain” OR “closed loop food supply chain” |
AND | |
Packaging Technologies | “bioactive packaging techniques” OR “active packaging” OR “absorbers” OR “ethylene removers” OR “carbon dioxide emitters/absorbers” OR “multi-layer barrier packaging” OR “modified atmosphere packaging (MAP)” OR “edible coatings” OR “ethylene scavengers” OR “oxygen scavengers” OR “moisture absorbers” OR “Aseptic packaging” OR “nanotechnology” OR “bio and smart packaging technologies” OR “vacuum packaging” OR “barcodes” OR “RFID tags” OR “biodegradable packaging” OR “smart packaging” |
AND | |
Package Design | “life-cycle design” OR “package design” OR “design for life-cycle” OR “sustainable product service system (SPSS)” OR “zero packaging” OR “package free” OR “zero-level packaging” OR “packaging material” |
Dimensions of Drivers | Number | Drivers | References |
---|---|---|---|
Legal Drivers | D1 | Strict waste management laws and legislations | [63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73]. |
D2 | Global and Regional EU and National Policies | [63,64,68]. | |
D3 | Supportive institutional/regulatory environmental policies | [64,65,74,75]. | |
Financial Drivers | D4 | Economic and green growth potential | [65,69,76,77,78]. |
D5 | Cost efficiency | [74,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89]. | |
D6 | Supportive funds, incentive, and taxation | [64,69,82,90,91,92,93,94,95]. | |
Environmental Drivers | D7 | Global environmental issues and concerns | [8,14,63,65,66,67,69,77,96,97,98,99,100]. |
D8 | Renewable energy demand | [65,96,101,102]. | |
D9 | Pollution concerns | [8,63,99,103,104]. | |
D10 | Increased amount of carbon footprint | [102,105,106,107]. | |
Social Drivers | D11 | Shifting consumer behaviors, prevailing attitudes, and social norms | [28,64,77,99]. |
D12 | Potential job creation in supply chain | [45,65,69,74,79,101]. | |
D13 | Consumers’ environmental awareness, sensitivity, and pressure | [28,64,65,69,102]. | |
D14 | Building a brand image and reputational gains | [64,108,109,110]. | |
Technical, Technology, and Innovation-Related Drivers | D15 | Rise of new technologies and technological innovations | [63,64,69,74,77,82,90,91,92,93,94,95]. |
D16 | Technical know-how and capabilities | [64,111]. |
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© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Ada, E.; Kazancoglu, Y.; Lafcı, Ç.; Ekren, B.Y.; Çimitay Çelik, C. Identifying the Drivers of Circular Food Packaging: A Comprehensive Review for the Current State of the Food Supply Chain to Be Sustainable and Circular. Sustainability 2023, 15, 11703. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511703
Ada E, Kazancoglu Y, Lafcı Ç, Ekren BY, Çimitay Çelik C. Identifying the Drivers of Circular Food Packaging: A Comprehensive Review for the Current State of the Food Supply Chain to Be Sustainable and Circular. Sustainability. 2023; 15(15):11703. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511703
Chicago/Turabian StyleAda, Erhan, Yigit Kazancoglu, Çisem Lafcı, Banu Y. Ekren, and Cansu Çimitay Çelik. 2023. "Identifying the Drivers of Circular Food Packaging: A Comprehensive Review for the Current State of the Food Supply Chain to Be Sustainable and Circular" Sustainability 15, no. 15: 11703. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511703
APA StyleAda, E., Kazancoglu, Y., Lafcı, Ç., Ekren, B. Y., & Çimitay Çelik, C. (2023). Identifying the Drivers of Circular Food Packaging: A Comprehensive Review for the Current State of the Food Supply Chain to Be Sustainable and Circular. Sustainability, 15(15), 11703. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511703