Costa Resiliente: A Serious Game Co-Designed to Foster Resilience Thinking
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Game-Based Learning
1.2. Active Learning and Serious Disaster Videogames
2. Materials and Methods
- The board game Costa Resiliente can develop capacities and abilities that foster resilience thinking in school children in Chile.
- The game experience of the video game is better than that of the board game in terms of achievement, challenge, support, immersion, playability, and social experience.
3. Study 1: The Costa Resiliente Board Game
3.1. Board Game Design and Development
3.1.1. Methodology
3.1.2. Results
3.2. Evaluation of the Board Game
3.2.1. Methodology
3.2.2. Results
4. Migration to Videogame and Evaluation of the Mobile Game Costa Resiliente (Second Study)
4.1. Migration, Co-Design, and Development
4.2. Methodology
- Identification and visualization: Does the co-designed prototype identify the real-life audiovisual element?
- Implementation and rules: Can the co-designed prototype be easily implemented, and follow the rules of the game?
- Identity and diversity: Does the co-designed prototype integrate identity and diversity of the real-life audiovisual element?
4.2.1. Results
4.3. Evaluation of the Gaming Experience
4.3.1. Methodology
- Achievement: Experiencing the demand or drive for success in performance, goal attainment, and progress.
- Challenge: Experiencing where the person’s ability is put to the test.
- Competition: Experiencing rivalry towards one or more actors to obtain a scarce and desirable outcome for all actors.
- Support: Experiencing guidance on how, what, and when to do something, and how to improve the target behavior.
- Immersion: Whole attention is captured, and the person is absorbed in what he/she is doing while having the feeling of being dissociated from the real world.
- Social experience: Experiences that emanate from the direct or indirect presence of people, the social actors created by the service, and the service as a social actor.
- Playability: The experience of engaging in voluntary and pleasurable behaviors driven by imagination or exploration, while being free or under spontaneously created rules.
4.3.2. Results
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions and Future Work
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ONEMI | Chilean National Office for Emergency |
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Role for Resilience | Co-Designed Definition | Element Attributes | Role Illustration |
---|---|---|---|
Fisherman: Ensures the local economy if a threat occurs, by installing infrastructures such as artisanal fairs. | A fisherman/woman is a person who embodies effort, is hardworking, perseverant, brave, and lover of work. | Yellow overall, boots, wool cap, an adult person. | |
ONEMI: Plans and coordinates resources to prevent and respond to emergencies (e.g., evacuation routes and safe zones). | Professionals from different areas whose purpose is prevention and/or control and mitigation of disasters for the benefit of the community. | Cargo pants, official ONEMI jacket, orange helmet, radio. | |
Real estate agencies build housing for permanent residences and for increasing tourism (e.g., houses and condominiums). | Empathetic, persuasive professionals, with extensive product and local knowledge. | Semi-formal, jeans, glasses, briefcase. | |
Ecologist: Decides where to create and grow ecosystems to mitigate and cope with catastrophes (e.g., wetlands and coastal forests). | A person that is passionate about caring for the environment, who gives much knowledge and practices to generate changes in the community. | Green T-shirt with leaves in the center, eco-style patches, waist bag, hiking boots. | |
Municipality: Builds and maintains public buildings that support the emergency (e.g., schools and hospitals). | Professionals from different areas, active and committed to social work and the community. | Semi-formal, denim, shirt. |
Hazard | Co-Designed Definition | Effects of Hazards | Hazard Effect Illustrations |
---|---|---|---|
Earthquake | Earthquakes generate a high impact on the community; it is important to know the affected environment and to have timely and accurate information. | Causes partial or complete destruction of structures (for the movable property), cracks in built spaces, the sinking of boats, and wetland drainage into water tables. | |
Tsunami | A catastrophe that causes a lot of damage at a general level (environmental, psychological, social, and economic). | Causes the disappearance of wooden buildings, with only the foundations remaining. Floors and buildings break in half, leaving debris and broken glass on the streets. | |
Landslide | A landslide has a strong impact on the earth, causing destruction with mud and earth movements, rumbling noises, affecting houses. | Causes ground noises, screams of people, and vehicle siren noises. Houses are filled with mud and often slide downslope. | |
Fire | These are uncontrolled fire events caused by natural and/or human actions, which generate material, human, economic, and environmental losses. | Causes post-event erosion (forests), total forest loss, a disparity effect/damage to ecological resources, and damage to emergency infrastructure. |
Resilience Resources | Co-Designed Attributes | Resource Illustration |
---|---|---|
Fisherman | Cove: Moisture, Pier, Boats.
Boat rental: Boats. Restaurant: Windows, White. Craft Fair: Premises, Food court, Open place. | |
ONEMI | Information points: Map.
Shelters: House, Wood. Evacuation routes: Signal, Route. Safe areas: Wide, Spacious, Grass. | |
Real Estate | Cabins: Wood, Zinc roof, Wood heating.
Houses: Trees, Plants (Vegetable garden). Apartments: Cement, not so high (2–3 floors). Luxury housing: High, Rustic facade, Spacious. | |
Ecologist | Forest: Diversity of native species.
Dunes with vegetation: Sand, Dune relief, Specific vegetation type. Wetland: Flora, Water, Birds, Mist. Prairie: Large extensions of pasture, without noticeable reliefs, livestock. | |
Municipality | Firemen/women station: Fire trucks, the predominant color red, siren.
Police station: Concrete buildings, green and white, patrols outside the building. School: Concrete buildings, Bus. Hospital: Interior parking, Cream color, Ambulance, Concrete building. |
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Olivares-Rodríguez, C.; Villagra, P.; Mardones, R.E.; Cárcamo-Ulloa, L.; Jaramillo, N. Costa Resiliente: A Serious Game Co-Designed to Foster Resilience Thinking. Sustainability 2022, 14, 16760. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416760
Olivares-Rodríguez C, Villagra P, Mardones RE, Cárcamo-Ulloa L, Jaramillo N. Costa Resiliente: A Serious Game Co-Designed to Foster Resilience Thinking. Sustainability. 2022; 14(24):16760. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416760
Chicago/Turabian StyleOlivares-Rodríguez, Cristian, Paula Villagra, Rodolfo E. Mardones, Luis Cárcamo-Ulloa, and Nicolás Jaramillo. 2022. "Costa Resiliente: A Serious Game Co-Designed to Foster Resilience Thinking" Sustainability 14, no. 24: 16760. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416760