Solar Photovoltaic Architecture and Agronomic Management in Agrivoltaic System: A Review
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Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
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School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
3
Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selanor, Malaysia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Idiano D’Adamo
Sustainability 2021, 13(14), 7846; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147846
Received: 10 June 2021
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Revised: 29 June 2021
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Accepted: 29 June 2021
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Published: 14 July 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessment of Socio-Economic Sustainability and Resilience after COVID-19)
Agrivoltaic systems (AVS) offer a symbiotic strategy for co-location sustainable renewable energy and agricultural production. This is particularly important in densely populated developing and developed countries, where renewable energy development is becoming more important; however, profitable farmland must be preserved. As emphasized in the Food-Energy-Water (FEW) nexus, AVS advancements should not only focus on energy management, but also agronomic management (crop and water management). Thus, we critically review the important factors that influence the decision of energy management (solar PV architecture) and agronomic management in AV systems. The outcomes show that solar PV architecture and agronomic management advancements are reliant on (1) solar radiation qualities in term of light intensity and photosynthetically activate radiation (PAR), (2) AVS categories such as energy-centric, agricultural-centric, and agricultural-energy-centric, and (3) shareholder perspective (especially farmers). Next, several adjustments for crop selection and management are needed due to light limitation, microclimate condition beneath the solar structure, and solar structure constraints. More importantly, a systematic irrigation system is required to prevent damage to the solar panel structure. To summarize, AVS advancements should be carefully planned to ensure the goals of reducing reliance on non-renewable sources, mitigating global warming effects, and meeting the FEW initiatives.
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Keywords:
agrivoltaic system; solar photovoltaics; agronomic management; crop production; Food-Energy-Water nexus; sustainable integration
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MDPI and ACS Style
Zainol Abidin, M.A.; Mahyuddin, M.N.; Mohd Zainuri, M.A.A. Solar Photovoltaic Architecture and Agronomic Management in Agrivoltaic System: A Review. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7846. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147846
AMA Style
Zainol Abidin MA, Mahyuddin MN, Mohd Zainuri MAA. Solar Photovoltaic Architecture and Agronomic Management in Agrivoltaic System: A Review. Sustainability. 2021; 13(14):7846. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147846
Chicago/Turabian StyleZainol Abidin, Mohd A., Muhammad N. Mahyuddin, and Muhammad A.A. Mohd Zainuri. 2021. "Solar Photovoltaic Architecture and Agronomic Management in Agrivoltaic System: A Review" Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7846. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147846
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