Tracing the Origins of Place Branding Research: A Bibliometric Study of Concepts in Use (1980–2018)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Research Design, Methodology and Data Collection
TITLE-ABS-KEY (“place branding” OR “place brand” OR “place marketing” OR “place promoting” OR “place promotion” OR “city branding” OR “city brand” OR “city marketing” OR “city promoting” OR “city promotion” OR “urban branding” OR “urban brand” OR “urban marketing” OR “urban promoting” OR “urban promotion” OR “destination branding” OR “destination brand” OR “destination marketing” OR “destination promoting” OR “destination promotion”) AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019
2.1. Occurrences Per Location Type–Broadcasting Activities (LT–BA) Reference Pair
2.2. Co-Occurrences Per LT–BA Reference Pair
2.3. Co-Occurrences for Each LT–BA Reference Pair with Other Concepts
3. Research Findings
3.1. Occurrences Per LT–BA Reference Pair in Article
3.2. Co-Occurrences Per LT–BA Reference Pair in Articles
3.3. Co-Occurrences for Each LT–BA Reference Pair with Other Concept
4. Discussion and Analysis
4.1. Conceptual Distinction and Development of Place Branding Research in BA
4.1.1. Broadcasting Activity: Promotion
4.1.2. Broadcasting Activity: Marketing
4.1.3. Broadcasting Activity: Branding
4.2. Conceptual Distinction and Development of Place Branding Research in LT
4.2.1. Location Type: Destination
4.2.2. Location Type: Place
4.2.3. Location Type: City
4.2.4. Location Type: Urban
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Key Categories | Query | |
---|---|---|
12 Reference Pairs | Destination Branding | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("destination branding" OR "destination brand") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 |
Place Branding | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("place branding" OR "place brand") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
City Branding | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("city branding" OR "city brand") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
Urban Branding | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("urban branding" OR "urban brand") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
Destination Marketing | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("destination marketing") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
Place Marketing | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("place marketing") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
City Marketing | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("city marketing") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
Urban Marketing | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("urban marketing") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
Destination Promotion | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("destination promoting" OR "destination promotion") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
Place Promotion | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("place promoting" OR "place promotion") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
City Promotion | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("city promoting" OR "city promotion") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
Urban Promotion | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("urban promoting" OR "urban promotion") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
Different LTs + BA | Destination+ Branding/ Marketing/Promotion | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("destination branding" OR "destination brand" OR "destination marketing" OR "destination promoting" OR "destination promotion") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 |
Place+ Branding/ Marketing/Promotion | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("place branding" OR "place brand" OR "place marketing" OR "place promoting" OR "place promotion") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
City+ Branding/ Marketing/Promotion | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("city branding" OR "city brand" OR "city marketing" OR "city promoting" OR "city promotion") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
Urban+ Branding/ Marketing/Promotion | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("urban branding" OR "urban brand" OR "urban marketing" OR "urban promoting" OR "urban promotion") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
LT +different BAs | Destination/Place/City/Urban+ Branding | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("place branding" OR "place brand" OR "city branding" OR "city brand" OR "urban branding" OR "urban brand" OR "destination branding" OR "destination brand") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 |
Destination/Place/City/Urban+ Marketing | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("place marketing" OR "city marketing" OR "urban marketing" OR "destination marketing") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 | |
Destination/Place/City/Urban+ Promotion | TITLE-ABS-KEY ("place promoting" OR "place promotion" OR "city promoting" OR "city promotion" OR "urban promoting" OR "urban promotion" OR "destination promoting" OR "destination promotion") AND DOCTYPE (ar OR re) AND PUBYEAR < 2019 |
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Branding | Marketing | Promotion | Total (Locality) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Place | 514 | 341 | 159 | 926 |
City | 324 | 177 | 52 | 518 |
Urban | 57 | 63 | 8 | 123 |
Destination | 468 | 925 | 51 | 1333 |
Total (Activity) | 1210 | 1466 | 269 | 2665 |
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Ma, W.; Schraven, D.; de Bruijne, M.; de Jong, M.; Lu, H. Tracing the Origins of Place Branding Research: A Bibliometric Study of Concepts in Use (1980–2018). Sustainability 2019, 11, 2999. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11112999
Ma W, Schraven D, de Bruijne M, de Jong M, Lu H. Tracing the Origins of Place Branding Research: A Bibliometric Study of Concepts in Use (1980–2018). Sustainability. 2019; 11(11):2999. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11112999
Chicago/Turabian StyleMa, Wenting, Daan Schraven, Mark de Bruijne, Martin de Jong, and Haiyan Lu. 2019. "Tracing the Origins of Place Branding Research: A Bibliometric Study of Concepts in Use (1980–2018)" Sustainability 11, no. 11: 2999. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11112999
APA StyleMa, W., Schraven, D., de Bruijne, M., de Jong, M., & Lu, H. (2019). Tracing the Origins of Place Branding Research: A Bibliometric Study of Concepts in Use (1980–2018). Sustainability, 11(11), 2999. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11112999