Measuring Social Vulnerability to Flood Disasters in China
1
School of Political Science and Public Administration, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
2
Department of Economics and Related Studies, University of York, York YO10 5NG, UK
3
International Business School, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Foshan 528100, China
4
Dpartment of Mathematics, The Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 211101, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2018, 10(8), 2676; https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082676
Received: 7 June 2018 / Revised: 13 July 2018 / Accepted: 18 July 2018 / Published: 30 July 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conflict Analysis and Sustainable Management of Water Resources)
To proactively prevent losses from flood disasters and subsequent potential human conflicts, it is critical to measure the social vulnerability of a country or a region to flood. In this article, we first propose a list of potential indicators for measuring this social vulnerability. These indicators’ significances are then tested based on their correlation coefficients with a vulnerability index obtained using nonparametric Data Envelopment Analysis. In the final measurement system, there are nine indicators: the proportion of the primary industry, infrastructure development level, income gap between urban and rural residents, the proportion of population over 60 years old, the proportion of children under 14 years old, the number of people receiving minimum income assistance, and the number of disasters per year. We then conduct principal component analysis to evaluate the social vulnerability level. Our results show that the social vulnerability level is mostly impacted by the economic principal component and the demographic and social security principal component. Moreover, our results also confirm that the social vulnerability level to flood in China declined overall from 2003 to 2015.
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Keywords:
flood disaster; social vulnerability; principal component analysis; data envelopment analysis
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MDPI and ACS Style
Zhang, M.; Xiang, W.; Chen, M.; Mao, Z. Measuring Social Vulnerability to Flood Disasters in China. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2676.
AMA Style
Zhang M, Xiang W, Chen M, Mao Z. Measuring Social Vulnerability to Flood Disasters in China. Sustainability. 2018; 10(8):2676.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Ming; Xiang, Wenbo; Chen, Meilan; Mao, Zisen. 2018. "Measuring Social Vulnerability to Flood Disasters in China" Sustainability 10, no. 8: 2676.
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