Considering Water Quality of Urban Rivers from the Perspectives of Unpleasant Odor
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Site
2.2. Data Source
2.3. Hedonic Tones of Odor and the Derivation of Odor Score
3. Results
3.1. Transition of Unpleasant Odor at the Shakujii and the Kanda Rivers
3.2 The Concentrations of DO and BOD
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Consolidated Group | Original Record |
---|---|
Aromatic | Aroma, Detergent |
Chemical/oil | Chemical, Oil |
Earthy/musty | Earth, Mold |
Fishy | Fishy |
Foul/rotten | Foul, Hydrogen sulfide, Rotten, Sewage |
Plant | Grass, Plant, Sea grass, Water plant |
None | Odorless |
River | DO (mg L−1) | BOD (mg L−1) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | 75th Percentile | Minimum | Mean | 75th Percentile | Maximum | ||
1970s | Shakujii | 2.1 | 2.9 | 0.1 | 38.5 | 54.0 | 170.0 |
1980s | 4.3 | 5.9 | 0.5 | 16.3 | 21.0 | 76.0 | |
1990s | 7.7 | 10.3 | 0.5 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 28.0 | |
2000s | 8.2 | 10.1 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 15.0 | |
1970s | Kanda | 7.0 | 8.9 | 0.3 | 13.1 | 17.0 | 62.0 |
1980s | 7.3 | 9.5 | 0.5 | 7.3 | 10.0 | 29.0 | |
1990s | 7.4 | 9.3 | 0.5 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 20.0 | |
2000s | 7.6 | 9.1 | 0.5 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 30.0 |
Coefficient | OR | t-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
April–September | −0.52 | 0.59 | −11.96 ** |
October–December | −0.25 | 0.78 | −4.97 ** |
Constant | 1.84 | 51.91 ** |
Shakujii | Kanda | Expected Sign | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coefficient | Coefficient | OR | z-Value | Coefficient | OR | z-Value | |
DO model | |||||||
Downstream (dummy) | 0.27 | 1.31 | 9.61 ** | 1.31 | 3.69 | 9.98 ** | + |
DO conc. | −0.13 | 0.87 | 5.17 ** | 0.16 | 1.18 | 7.64 ** | - |
Constant | 0.61 | 1.84 | −11.23 ** | −1.79 | 0.17 | −8.36 ** | |
pseudo R2 | 0.16 | 0.15 | |||||
BOD model | |||||||
Downstream (dummy) | 0.55 | 1.73 | 10.37 ** | 0.43 | 1.53 | 2.83 ** | + |
BOD conc. | 0.02 | 1.02 | 15.66 ** | −0.06 | 0.94 | 11.73 ** | + |
Constant | −0.49 | 0.62 | −10.44 ** | 0.10 | 1.10 | −11.69 ** | |
pseudo R2 | 0.27 | 0.21 |
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Sado-Inamura, Y.; Fukushi, K. Considering Water Quality of Urban Rivers from the Perspectives of Unpleasant Odor. Sustainability 2018, 10, 650. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10030650
Sado-Inamura Y, Fukushi K. Considering Water Quality of Urban Rivers from the Perspectives of Unpleasant Odor. Sustainability. 2018; 10(3):650. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10030650
Chicago/Turabian StyleSado-Inamura, Yukako, and Kensuke Fukushi. 2018. "Considering Water Quality of Urban Rivers from the Perspectives of Unpleasant Odor" Sustainability 10, no. 3: 650. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10030650