Quantifying the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Industrial Land Uses through Mining Free Access Social Datasets in the Mega Hangzhou Bay Region, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Area and Data Preparation
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Data Preparation
3. Methodology
3.1. Identifying Industrial Land Uses Using Natural Language Processing
3.2. Analysis of Enterprise Number and Growth Rate of Industrial Land Uses
3.3. Hotspots Detection
4. Results and Analysis
4.1. Industrial Land Uses Change Detection
4.2. Growth of Industrial Regions at the MHBR Level.
4.3. Growth of Industrial Regions at the City Level
4.4. Concentration and Patterns of Industrial Activities
5. Discussion
5.1. Comparision of Traditional Industry with New Industry
5.2. Spatiotemporal Changes of Industrial Hotspots
5.3. Methodology Assessment
5.4. Sustainable Industrial Development: Policy Implications
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
TPAM | UEM | PM1 | PM2 | MM1 | MM2 | NMPM | TEM | CMM | FM | ECMM | CEPM | FRPM | III | LI | NMI | NEI | OMM | UA | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TPAM | 48 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 92.31% |
UEM | 0 | 42 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 79.25% |
PM1 | 0 | 0 | 49 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 90.74% |
PM2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 46 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 86.79% |
MM1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 49 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 90.74% |
MM2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 49 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 94.23% |
NMPM | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 81.13% |
TEM | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 82.69% |
CMM | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 94.34% |
FM | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 49 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 90.74% |
ECMM | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 90.38% |
CEPM | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 44 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 80.00% |
FRPM | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 88.46% |
III | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 47 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 90.38% |
LI | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 84.62% |
NMI | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | 0 | 0 | 87.04% |
NEI | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | 2 | 90.57% |
OMM | 2 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 76.92% |
PA | 88.89% | 77.78% | 92.45% | 83.64% | 85.96% | 98.00% | 91.49% | 91.49% | 75.76% | 94.23% | 77.05% | 95.65% | 97.87% | 94.00% | 95.65% | 95.92% | 100.00% | 57.14% | 87.29% |
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Industrial Land Uses | Description | |
---|---|---|
1. Traditional Industry | Textile Products and Apparel Manufacturing (TPAM) | This Industry includes preparation and spinning of fiber, weaving of fabric, and finishing of textiles. It also covers manufacturing of clothing (e.g., outerwear and underwear). |
Unspecialized Equipment Manufacturing (UEM) | This industry includes the manufacturing of equipment applied in more than one industry, such as the manufacturing of bearings, gear and transmission equipment; pump and compression equipment; metal-working equipment; packaging equipment; and other unspecialized accessories. | |
Paper Manufacturing (PM1) | This industry includes the manufacturing of pulp and converted paper. The printing of paper products (e.g., newspapers, books and greeting cards) is also included. | |
Petrochemical Manufacturing (PM2) | The industry includes chemical manufacturing, which involves transforming organic and inorganic raw materials via a chemical process for the formation of products. It also includes the transformation of crude petroleum into usable products. | |
Metallurgical Manufacturing (MM1) | This industry includes the manufacturing of basic metals and fabricated metal products. | |
Medical Manufacturing (MM2) | This industry includes the manufacturing of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparation. Additionally, it includes medicinal, chemical and botanical product manufacturing. | |
Non-metallic Product Manufacturing (NMPM) | This industry includes the manufacturing of rubber and plastics products, glass and glass products, ceramic products, and other non-metallic products. Materials used in construction are excluded. | |
Transportation Equipment Manufacturing (TEM) | This industry produces equipment for transporting people and goods, such as motor vehicles, aircraft, ships and boats, railway rolling stock and locomotives, and their accessories. | |
Construction Material Manufacturing (CMM) | This industry includes the manufacturing of products used for construction, such as tiles and bricks, cement and plaster, dimension stone, wall materials and other materials. | |
Food Manufacturing (FM) | This industry includes the production of different types of food: meat, fish, fruit and vegetables, oil, milk products, beverages and drinks. Additionally, the manufacturing of tobacco (e.g., cigarettes and cigars) is included. | |
Electrical Machinery and Component Manufacturing (ECMM) | This industry includes the manufacturing of products that generate, distribute and use electrical power. Additionally, it includes the manufacturing of electrical lighting, signaling equipment and electrical household appliances. | |
Computer and Electronic Products Manufacturing (CEPM) | This industry includes the manufacturing of computers, computer peripherals, communications equipment, and similar electronic products. | |
Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing (FRPM) | This industry includes the manufacturing of furniture and related articles, such as mattresses, window blinds, cabinets and fixtures. | |
2. New Industry | Internet Information Industry (III) | This industry specializes in cyber source collection and Internet information technology development, production, storage, transmission, and marketing for information commodity. |
Logistics Industry (LI) | This industry includes the planning, implementation and control of the transportation, reverse flow and storage of goods, services, and related information between the point of origin and the point of terminal. | |
New Material Industry (NMI) | This industry includes the manufacturing of new materials that have applied new techniques or crafts during production, and have better performance or generate new functions, such as biomaterials, nanomaterials, and superconductor. | |
New Energy Industry (NEI) | This industry includes the manufacturing of new energy, especially renewable energy, such as hydroelectric power, wind power, and solar power generation. | |
3. Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing | Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing(OMM) | This industry includes the manufacturing of a variety of products not contained in other classifications. Specifically, it consists of the manufacturing of sport and athletic goods, dolls and toys, jewelry and other accessories. |
Industrial Land Uses | Number of Enterprises (Ratio: %) | Rate of Growth (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005 | 2011 | 2016 | 2005–2011 | 2011–2016 | |
1. Traditional industry | |||||
TPAM | 3616 (21.7) | 9825 (21.4) | 14543 (19.5) | 28.6 | 9.6 |
UEM | 2143 (12.8) | 6987 (15.2) | 9412 (12.6) | 37.7 | 6.9 |
PM1 | 477 (2.9) | 1595 (3.5) | 2111 (2.8) | 39.1 | 6.5 |
PM2 | 488 (2.9) | 892 (1.9) | 1167 (1.6) | 13.8 | 6.2 |
MM1 | 759 (4.6) | 2563 (5.6) | 3115 (4.2) | 39.6 | 4.3 |
MM2 | 170 (1.0) | 394 (0.9) | 758 (1.0) | 22.0 | 18.5 |
NMPM | 1010 (6.1) | 2497 (5.4) | 3205 (4.3) | 24.5 | 5.7 |
TEM | 314 (1.9) | 1116 (2.4) | 1544 (2.1) | 42.6 | 7.7 |
CMM | 141 (0.8) | 559 (1.2) | 1201 (1.6) | 49.4 | 23.0 |
FM | 694 (4.2) | 1194 (2.6) | 1693 (2.3) | 12.0 | 8.4 |
ECMM | 1111 (6.7) | 3400 (7.4) | 4374 (5.9) | 34.3 | 5.7 |
CEPM | 389 (2.3) | 1470 (3.2) | 1979 (2.7) | 46.3 | 6.9 |
FRPM | 356 (2.1) | 1302 (2.8) | 1757 (2.4) | 44.3 | 7.0 |
2. New industry | |||||
III | 57 (0.3) | 198 (0.4) | 803 (1.1) | 41.2 | 61.1 |
LI | 262 (1.6) | 555 (1.2) | 1922 (2.6) | 18.6 | 49.3 |
NMI | 33 (0.2) | 226 (0.5) | 347 (0.5) | 97.5 | 10.7 |
NEI | 33 (0.2) | 182 (0.4) | 340 (0.5) | 75.3 | 17.4 |
3. Other miscellaneous manufacturing | |||||
OMM | 4625 (27.7) | 10866 (23.7) | 24343 (32.6) | 22.5 | 24.8 |
Industrial Land Uses | Hangzhou | Ningbo | Jiaxing | Shaoxing | Zhoushan | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | A | B | A | B | A | B | A | B | |
1. Traditional industry | ||||||||||
TPAM | 30.9 | 16.3 | 46.4 | 3.8 | 36.8 | 9.2 | 9.7 | 10 | 35.6 | - |
UEM | 32.0 | 12.9 | 48.0 | 3.5 | 43.4 | 9.8 | 9.1 | 7.7 | 87.9 | 0.7 |
PM1 | 38.2 | 9.5 | 55.1 | 3.3 | 37.1 | 7.7 | 14.4 | 7.6 | 39.6 | −0.7 |
PM2 | 21.5 | 10.9 | 24.2 | 4.2 | 14.3 | 5.3 | 0.5 | 3.2 | 26.2 | 7.8 |
MM1 | 29.5 | 6.9 | 47.2 | 1.6 | 57.4 | 8.4 | 11.3 | 5.8 | 150 | −1.0 |
MM2 | 24.9 | 32.8 | 39.2 | 6.5 | 19.8 | 13.2 | 4.8 | 6.1 | 19.0 | 2.7 |
NMPM | 16.3 | 10.3 | 39.6 | 2.2 | 18.0 | 10.0 | 7.7 | 6.8 | 81.8 | 2.5 |
TEM | 25.9 | 13.6 | 74.6 | 3.9 | 22.4 | 16.0 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 52.8 | 7.5 |
CMM | 52.8 | 32.5 | 70.3 | 10.4 | 42.3 | 22.0 | 22.2 | 24.1 | 72.2 | 23.8 |
FM | 17.3 | 15.6 | 9.0 | 5.0 | 12.5 | 9.5 | 2.5 | 5.6 | 33.3 | 0.5 |
ECMM | 22.5 | 16.1 | 44.7 | 2.2 | 37.5 | 10.2 | 7.7 | 8.1 | 55.0 | 2.8 |
CEPM | 50.4 | 18.5 | 54.3 | 1.4 | 34.8 | 8.4 | 17.3 | 15.8 | 66.7 | 4.0 |
FRPM | 68.7 | 12.7 | 63.3 | 2.4 | 26.6 | 6.6 | 17.5 | 7.8 | 91.7 | 7.7 |
2. New industry | ||||||||||
III | 55 | 87.7 | 33.3 | 23.3 | 22.2 | 147.1 | 26.7 | 44.6 | - | 14.3 |
LI | 10.9 | 57.6 | 33.6 | 47.6 | 21.0 | 47.6 | 9.6 | 47.7 | 16.7 | 22.0 |
NMI | 75.0 | 15.9 | 129.8 | 5.2 | 62.5 | 22.1 | 72.2 | 13.8 | - | 4.0 |
NEI | 19.2 | 35.0 | 112.5 | 16.8 | 138.9 | 12.1 | 58.3 | 24.4 | - | 40.0 |
3. Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing | ||||||||||
OMM | 25.1 | 48.1 | 29 | 10.3 | 20.9 | 26.3 | 6.8 | 19.4 | 26.2 | 19.2 |
Period | Hangzhou | Ningbo | Jiaxing | Shaoxing | Zhoushan |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005–2011 | 36.25 | 272.50 | 37.50 | −215.25 | 11.75 |
2011–2016 | 95.00 | −211.75 | 19.25 | −8.75 | −10.00 |
2005–2016 | 131.25 | 60.75 | 56.75 | −224.00 | 1.75 |
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Huang, L.; Wu, Y.; Zheng, Q.; Zheng, Q.; Zheng, X.; Gan, M.; Wang, K.; Shahtahmassebi, A.; Deng, J.; Wang, J.; et al. Quantifying the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Industrial Land Uses through Mining Free Access Social Datasets in the Mega Hangzhou Bay Region, China. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3463. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103463
Huang L, Wu Y, Zheng Q, Zheng Q, Zheng X, Gan M, Wang K, Shahtahmassebi A, Deng J, Wang J, et al. Quantifying the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Industrial Land Uses through Mining Free Access Social Datasets in the Mega Hangzhou Bay Region, China. Sustainability. 2018; 10(10):3463. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103463
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Lingyan, Yani Wu, Qing Zheng, Qiming Zheng, Xinyu Zheng, Muye Gan, Ke Wang, AmirReza Shahtahmassebi, Jingsong Deng, Jihua Wang, and et al. 2018. "Quantifying the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Industrial Land Uses through Mining Free Access Social Datasets in the Mega Hangzhou Bay Region, China" Sustainability 10, no. 10: 3463. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103463