The Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid in the Treatment of Chronic Subjective Tinnitus through the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory Scores
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Casuistry
2.2. Medical Treatment
2.3. Audiological Evaluation and Questionnaire Survey
2.4. Statistics
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group A | Group B | Ind. T-Test | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | t | df | p | |
4FA | 31.4 | 9.4 | 40.6 | 9.2 | −3.80 | 48 | <0.0001 ** |
PTAhf | 54.4 | 12.5 | 48.9 | 6.9 | 1.78 | 48 | 0.053 |
Pitch | 5.3 | 1.9 | 5.7 | 1.6 | −0.75 | 48 | 0.455 |
Loudness (SLL) | 8.9 | 2.9 | 9.3 | 2.7 | −0.59 | 48 | 0.556 |
THI total | 47.4 | 10.9 | 47.0 | 13.8 | 0.95 | 48 | 0.925 |
THI (functional) | 25.1 | 9.7 | 21.5 | 10.6 | 1.24 | 48 | 0.220 |
THI (emotional) | 14.5 | 4.9 | 17.4 | 6.8 | −1.76 | 48 | 0.085 |
THI (catastrophic) | 7.7 | 3.5 | 8.1 | 3.6 | −0.36 | 48 | 0.723 |
Before Therapy | After Therapy | Paired T-Test | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | t | df | p | |
4FA | 31.4 | 9.1 | 30.1 | 9.4 | −2.38 | 29 | 0.024 (*) |
PTAhf | 54.4 | 12.5 | 48.6 | 10.4 | 8.2 | 29 | <0.0001 (**) |
Pitch | 5.3 | 1.9 | 4.8 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 29 | 0.240 |
Loudness (SLL) | 8.9 | 2.9 | 6.1 | 2.0 | 4.37 | 29 | <0.0001 (**) |
THI total | 47.4 | 10.9 | 41.3 | 9.4 | 4.4 | 29 | <0.0001 (**) |
THI (functional) | 25.1 | 9.7 | 21.9 | 8.2 | 2.57 | 29 | 0.015 (*) |
THI (emotional) | 14.5 | 4.9 | 11.9 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 29 | 0.002 (**) |
THI (catastrophic) | 7.7 | 3.5 | 7.4 | 2.9 | 0.68 | 29 | 0.502 |
Before Therapy | After Therapy | Paired T-Test | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | t | df | p | |
4FA | 40.6 | 9.2 | 41.2 | 7.5 | −0.721 | 19 | 0.480 |
PTA hf | 49.9 | 6.9 | 49.6 | 6.9 | −0.659 | 19 | 0.524 |
Pitch | 5.7 | 1.6 | 5.4 | 1.6 | 1.37 | 19 | 0.186 |
Loudness (SLL) | 9.3 | 2.7 | 8.5 | 2.0 | 1.22 | 19 | 0.237 |
THI total | 47.0 | 13.8 | 52.5 | 14.5 | −1.88 | 19 | 0.075 |
THI (functional) | 21.5 | 10.7 | 25.5 | 9.7 | −1.83 | 19 | 0.083 |
THI (emotional) | 17.4 | 6.8 | 18.0 | 6.4 | −0.448 | 19 | 0.659 |
THI (catastrophic) | 8.1 | 3.6 | 9.0 | 3.6 | −1.143 | 19 | 0.267 |
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Sacchetto, L.; Monzani, D.; Apa, E.; Lovato, A.; Caragli, V.; Gherpelli, C.; Palma, S.; Genovese, E.; Nocini, R. The Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid in the Treatment of Chronic Subjective Tinnitus through the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory Scores. Audiol. Res. 2023, 13, 484-494. https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres13040043
Sacchetto L, Monzani D, Apa E, Lovato A, Caragli V, Gherpelli C, Palma S, Genovese E, Nocini R. The Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid in the Treatment of Chronic Subjective Tinnitus through the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory Scores. Audiology Research. 2023; 13(4):484-494. https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres13040043
Chicago/Turabian StyleSacchetto, Luca, Daniele Monzani, Enrico Apa, Andrea Lovato, Valeria Caragli, Chiara Gherpelli, Silvia Palma, Elisabetta Genovese, and Riccardo Nocini. 2023. "The Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid in the Treatment of Chronic Subjective Tinnitus through the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory Scores" Audiology Research 13, no. 4: 484-494. https://doi.org/10.3390/audiolres13040043