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Microbiology Research
Volume 3
Issue 2
10.4081/mr.2012.e21
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Article

Comparative Sequence Analyses of the Neurotoxin Complex Genes in Clostridium botulinum Serotypes A, B, E, and F

by
Ajay K. Singh
,
Eric W. Brown
and
Shashi K. Sharma
*
Division of Microbiology, Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microbiol. Res. 2012, 3(2), e21; https://doi.org/10.4081/mr.2012.e21
Submission received: 24 April 2012 / Revised: 14 June 2012 / Accepted: 9 July 2012 / Published: 14 September 2012

Abstract

Neurotoxin complex (NTC) genes are arranged in two known hemagglutinin (HA) and open reading frame X (ORFX) clusters. NTC genes have been analyzed in four serotypes A, B, E and F of Clostridium botulinum causing human botulism. Analysis of amino acid sequences of NT genes demonstrated significant differences among subtypes and four serotypes. Phylogram tree of NT genes reveals that serotypes A1 and B1 are much closer compared to serotype E1 and F1. However, non-toxic non-hemagglutinin (NTNH) gene is highly conserved among four serotypes. Analysis of phylogram tree of NTNH gene reveals that serotypes A and F are more closely related compared to serotype B and E. Additionally, sequences of HAs and ORFX genes are very divergent but these genes are specific in subtypes and serotypes of Clostridium botulinum. Information derived from sequence analyses of NTC has direct implication in development of detection tools and therapeutic countermeasures for botulism.
Keywords: botulism; neurotoxin; neurotoxin complex gene; amino acid sequence botulism; neurotoxin; neurotoxin complex gene; amino acid sequence

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MDPI and ACS Style

Singh, A.K.; Brown, E.W.; Sharma, S.K. Comparative Sequence Analyses of the Neurotoxin Complex Genes in Clostridium botulinum Serotypes A, B, E, and F. Microbiol. Res. 2012, 3, e21. https://doi.org/10.4081/mr.2012.e21

AMA Style

Singh AK, Brown EW, Sharma SK. Comparative Sequence Analyses of the Neurotoxin Complex Genes in Clostridium botulinum Serotypes A, B, E, and F. Microbiology Research. 2012; 3(2):e21. https://doi.org/10.4081/mr.2012.e21

Chicago/Turabian Style

Singh, Ajay K., Eric W. Brown, and Shashi K. Sharma. 2012. "Comparative Sequence Analyses of the Neurotoxin Complex Genes in Clostridium botulinum Serotypes A, B, E, and F" Microbiology Research 3, no. 2: e21. https://doi.org/10.4081/mr.2012.e21

APA Style

Singh, A. K., Brown, E. W., & Sharma, S. K. (2012). Comparative Sequence Analyses of the Neurotoxin Complex Genes in Clostridium botulinum Serotypes A, B, E, and F. Microbiology Research, 3(2), e21. https://doi.org/10.4081/mr.2012.e21

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