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Article

Long-Term Survivors in a Cohort of People Living with HIV Diagnosed between 1985 and 1994: Predictive Factors Associated with More Than 25 Years of Survival

by
Federica Cosentino
1,2,
Andrea Marino
2,3,
Laura Anile
4,
Vittoria Moscatt
1,2,
Maria Gussio
2,
Vincenzo Boscia
2,
Roberto Bruno
2,5,
Giuseppe Nunnari
1,
Alfredo Pulvirenti
6,
Grete Francesca Privitera
6,
Bruno Santi Cacopardo
2,5,
Manuela Ceccarelli
2,5,7,* and
Benedetto Maurizio Celesia
2
1
Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
2
Unit of Infectious Diseases, “Garibaldi” Hospital, 95122 Catania, Italy
3
Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
4
Unit of Pediatrics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Alma Mater” University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
5
Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy
6
Unit of Informatics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
7
Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2023, 15(1), 70-83; https://doi.org/10.3390/idr15010008
Submission received: 29 October 2022 / Revised: 11 January 2023 / Accepted: 17 January 2023 / Published: 20 January 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Viral Infections)
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Abstract

Although the mortality rate among individuals diagnosed during the pre-Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment era has been substantial, a considerable number of them survived. Our study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HIV long-term survivors in a cohort of People Living with HIV diagnosed between 1985 and 1994 and to speculate about potential predictive factors associated to long survival. This is a retrospective single-center study. Subjects surviving more than 300 months (25 years) from HIV diagnosis were defined as Long Term Survivors. Overall, 210 subjects were enrolled. More than 75.24% of the included people living with HIV were males, with a median age of 28 years (IQR 25–34). The prevalent risk factors for HIV infection were injection drug use (47.62%), followed by unprotected sex among heterosexual individuals (23.81%). Ninety-three individuals (44.29%) could be defined as LTS with a median (IQR) survival of 333 (312–377) months. A hazard ratio of 12.45 (95% CI 7.91–19.59) was found between individuals who were exposed to Highly Active AntiRetroviral Treatment (HAART) and individuals who were not, with the latter being at greater risk of death. The availability and accessibility of effective antiretroviral therapy for people living with HIV remain the cornerstone of survival.
Keywords: HIV epidemiology; long-term survivors; HAART HIV epidemiology; long-term survivors; HAART

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cosentino, F.; Marino, A.; Anile, L.; Moscatt, V.; Gussio, M.; Boscia, V.; Bruno, R.; Nunnari, G.; Pulvirenti, A.; Privitera, G.F.; et al. Long-Term Survivors in a Cohort of People Living with HIV Diagnosed between 1985 and 1994: Predictive Factors Associated with More Than 25 Years of Survival. Infect. Dis. Rep. 2023, 15, 70-83. https://doi.org/10.3390/idr15010008

AMA Style

Cosentino F, Marino A, Anile L, Moscatt V, Gussio M, Boscia V, Bruno R, Nunnari G, Pulvirenti A, Privitera GF, et al. Long-Term Survivors in a Cohort of People Living with HIV Diagnosed between 1985 and 1994: Predictive Factors Associated with More Than 25 Years of Survival. Infectious Disease Reports. 2023; 15(1):70-83. https://doi.org/10.3390/idr15010008

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cosentino, Federica, Andrea Marino, Laura Anile, Vittoria Moscatt, Maria Gussio, Vincenzo Boscia, Roberto Bruno, Giuseppe Nunnari, Alfredo Pulvirenti, Grete Francesca Privitera, and et al. 2023. "Long-Term Survivors in a Cohort of People Living with HIV Diagnosed between 1985 and 1994: Predictive Factors Associated with More Than 25 Years of Survival" Infectious Disease Reports 15, no. 1: 70-83. https://doi.org/10.3390/idr15010008

APA Style

Cosentino, F., Marino, A., Anile, L., Moscatt, V., Gussio, M., Boscia, V., Bruno, R., Nunnari, G., Pulvirenti, A., Privitera, G. F., Cacopardo, B. S., Ceccarelli, M., & Celesia, B. M. (2023). Long-Term Survivors in a Cohort of People Living with HIV Diagnosed between 1985 and 1994: Predictive Factors Associated with More Than 25 Years of Survival. Infectious Disease Reports, 15(1), 70-83. https://doi.org/10.3390/idr15010008

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