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Review

Gastrointestinal Ischemia—Stumbling Stone in COVID-19 Patients

by
Monika Peshevska-Sekulovska
1,2,*,
Irina Boeva
3,
Metodija Sekulovski
1,2,
Miroslav Zashev
3 and
Milena Peruhova
3
1
University Hospital “Lozenetz”, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
2
Medical Faculty, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria
3
University Hospital “Heart and Brain”, 1172 Burgas, Bulgaria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Gastroenterol. Insights 2022, 13(2), 206-217; https://doi.org/10.3390/gastroent13020021
Submission received: 18 April 2022 / Revised: 8 June 2022 / Accepted: 9 June 2022 / Published: 14 June 2022
(This article belongs to the Collection Gastroenterological Aspects of COVID-19 Infection)

Abstract

The emergence of the novel SARS-CoV2 virus, proclaimed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a culpable agent for the pandemic situation, caught the scientific and medical communities off guard. One of the most common complications following pulmonary disease is represented by gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, especially ischemic damage. Inflammation, vasculopathy, immobility, endothelial dysfunction, and a hypercoagulable condition have all been proposed as pathophysiological factors for GI ischemia in these patients. Owing to the COVID-19 effect on a variety of GI conditions, especially ischemic changes, and the high mortality rate, physicians should always keep in mind this complication. They should take a deeper look at clinical and imaging modalities in this cohort of patients so that a proper and time-saving treatment strategy can be applied. Our study aimed to elucidate the thrombogenic mechanism in different GI disorders. Moreover, we analyzed the factors related to necrotic GI changes, by summarizing the already reported data of GI ischemia in COVID-19. To the best of our knowledge, this review is the first to incorporate all GI ischemia cases reported in the literature so far.
Keywords: COVID-19; gastrointestinal ischemia; ischemic colitis; necrotic esophagitis; mesenteric thrombosis COVID-19; gastrointestinal ischemia; ischemic colitis; necrotic esophagitis; mesenteric thrombosis

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Peshevska-Sekulovska, M.; Boeva, I.; Sekulovski, M.; Zashev, M.; Peruhova, M. Gastrointestinal Ischemia—Stumbling Stone in COVID-19 Patients. Gastroenterol. Insights 2022, 13, 206-217. https://doi.org/10.3390/gastroent13020021

AMA Style

Peshevska-Sekulovska M, Boeva I, Sekulovski M, Zashev M, Peruhova M. Gastrointestinal Ischemia—Stumbling Stone in COVID-19 Patients. Gastroenterology Insights. 2022; 13(2):206-217. https://doi.org/10.3390/gastroent13020021

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peshevska-Sekulovska, Monika, Irina Boeva, Metodija Sekulovski, Miroslav Zashev, and Milena Peruhova. 2022. "Gastrointestinal Ischemia—Stumbling Stone in COVID-19 Patients" Gastroenterology Insights 13, no. 2: 206-217. https://doi.org/10.3390/gastroent13020021

APA Style

Peshevska-Sekulovska, M., Boeva, I., Sekulovski, M., Zashev, M., & Peruhova, M. (2022). Gastrointestinal Ischemia—Stumbling Stone in COVID-19 Patients. Gastroenterology Insights, 13(2), 206-217. https://doi.org/10.3390/gastroent13020021

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