Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks with Image Recognition-Based Adaptive Array Antenna for Winter Road Surveillance in Local Areas †
1
Fukuoka Institute of Technology, 3-30-1 Wajirohigashi, Fukuoka Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 811-0214, Japan
2
Resilient ICT Research Center, National Institute of Information and Communications, 2-1-3 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-0812, Japan
3
Research and Regional Cooperation Division, Iwate Prefectural University, 152-52 Sugo, Takizawa, Iwate 020-0693, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
This paper is the extend version of “Remote Voltage Controls by Image Recognitions for Adaptive Array Antenna of Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks” in the Advances on P2P, Parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet Computing. (3PGCIC2018), October 2018.
Future Internet 2019, 11(9), 203; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11090203
Received: 2 June 2019
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Revised: 22 August 2019
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Accepted: 22 August 2019
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Published: 19 September 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Techniques for Internet, P2P and Cloud Computing—selected papers from 3PGCIC-2018)
The rapid growth of the ITS (intelligent transport system) development requires us to realize new kinds of applications, such as the winter road surveillance system. However, it is still necessary to consider the network difficulty areas for LTE (long-term evolution) or 3G transmissions when one visits sightseeing spots such as ski resorts or spas in mountain areas. Therefore, this paper proposes a winter road surveillance system in the local area based on vehicular delay-tolerant networks. The adaptive array antenna controlled by image recognition with the Kalman filter algorithm is proposed as well to the system in order to realize higher delivery rates. The implementations of the prototype system are presented in this paper as well, and the effectivity of the radio transmission in the prototype system is realized by vehicular image recognition methods and the asynchronous voltage controls for antenna elements for the rapid directional controls of the radio transmission. The experimental results showed that the radio directional controls by the prototype system for the target vehicle can proceed within one second, and that the simulation with the GIS (geographic information system) map pointed out the delivery rates of the proposed method—which are better than those of the epidemic DTN (delay-tolerant networking) routing by the nondirectional antenna. The experiments of the proposed methods indicate a higher efficiency of the data transmissions—even in the mountain area. Furthermore, future research subjects are discussed in this paper.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Uchida, N.; Sato, G.; Shibata, Y. Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks with Image Recognition-Based Adaptive Array Antenna for Winter Road Surveillance in Local Areas. Future Internet 2019, 11, 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11090203
AMA Style
Uchida N, Sato G, Shibata Y. Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks with Image Recognition-Based Adaptive Array Antenna for Winter Road Surveillance in Local Areas. Future Internet. 2019; 11(9):203. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11090203
Chicago/Turabian StyleUchida, Noriki, Goshi Sato, and Yoshitaka Shibata. 2019. "Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks with Image Recognition-Based Adaptive Array Antenna for Winter Road Surveillance in Local Areas" Future Internet 11, no. 9: 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi11090203
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