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Pharmaceutics
Volume 15
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10.3390/pharmaceutics15010149
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Article

Lipoic Acid Conjugated Boron Hybrids Enhance Wound Healing and Antimicrobial Processes

by
Hasan Türkez
1,
Özge Çağlar Yıldırım
2,
Sena Öner
2,
Abdurrahim Kadı
2,
Abdulkadir Mete
2,
Mehmet Enes Arslan
2,
İrfan Oğuz Şahin
3,
Ömer Erkan Yapça
4 and
Adil Mardinoğlu
5,6,*
1
Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
2
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, 25050 Erzurum, Turkey
3
Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey
4
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
5
Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17121 Stockholm, Sweden
6
Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(1), 149; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15010149
Submission received: 29 October 2022 / Revised: 14 December 2022 / Accepted: 27 December 2022 / Published: 31 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Infections and Wound Healing: Medicinal-Chemistry and Technological Based Approaches)
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Abstract

Complications of chronic non-healing wounds led to the emergence of nanotechnology-based therapies to enhance healing, facilitate tissue repair, and prevent wound-related complications like infections. Here, we design alpha lipoic acid (ALA) conjugated hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and boron carbide (B4C) nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance wound healing in human dermal fibroblast (HDFa) cell culture and characterize its antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, gram positive) and Escherichia coli (E. coli, gram negative) bacterial strains. ALA molecules are integrated onto hBN and C4B NPs through esterification procedure, and molecular characterizations are performed by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-vis spectroscopy. Wound healing and antimicrobial properties are investigated via the use of cell viability assays, scratch test, oxidative stress, and antimicrobial activity assays. Based on our analysis, we observe that ALA-conjugated hBN NPs have the highest wound-healing feature and antimicrobial activity compared to ALA-B4C. On the other hand, hBN, ALA-B4C, and ALA compounds showed promising regenerative and antimicrobial properties. Also, we find that ALA conjugation enhances wound healing and antimicrobial potency of hBN and B4C NPs. We conclude that the ALA-hBN conjugate is a potential candidate to stimulate regeneration process for injuries.
Keywords: wound healing; antimicrobial effect; nanoparticles; lipoic acid; boron nitride; boron carbide wound healing; antimicrobial effect; nanoparticles; lipoic acid; boron nitride; boron carbide

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MDPI and ACS Style

Türkez, H.; Yıldırım, Ö.Ç.; Öner, S.; Kadı, A.; Mete, A.; Arslan, M.E.; Şahin, İ.O.; Yapça, Ö.E.; Mardinoğlu, A. Lipoic Acid Conjugated Boron Hybrids Enhance Wound Healing and Antimicrobial Processes. Pharmaceutics 2023, 15, 149. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15010149

AMA Style

Türkez H, Yıldırım ÖÇ, Öner S, Kadı A, Mete A, Arslan ME, Şahin İO, Yapça ÖE, Mardinoğlu A. Lipoic Acid Conjugated Boron Hybrids Enhance Wound Healing and Antimicrobial Processes. Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15(1):149. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15010149

Chicago/Turabian Style

Türkez, Hasan, Özge Çağlar Yıldırım, Sena Öner, Abdurrahim Kadı, Abdulkadir Mete, Mehmet Enes Arslan, İrfan Oğuz Şahin, Ömer Erkan Yapça, and Adil Mardinoğlu. 2023. "Lipoic Acid Conjugated Boron Hybrids Enhance Wound Healing and Antimicrobial Processes" Pharmaceutics 15, no. 1: 149. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15010149

APA Style

Türkez, H., Yıldırım, Ö. Ç., Öner, S., Kadı, A., Mete, A., Arslan, M. E., Şahin, İ. O., Yapça, Ö. E., & Mardinoğlu, A. (2023). Lipoic Acid Conjugated Boron Hybrids Enhance Wound Healing and Antimicrobial Processes. Pharmaceutics, 15(1), 149. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15010149

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