Targeting Beclin1 as an Adjunctive Therapy against HIV Using Mannosylated Polyethylenimine Nanoparticles
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cell Culture and HIV Infection
2.2. Transfection of siRNA into Microglia, Astrocytes, and Neurons
2.3. Immunochemistry
2.4. Time-Lapse Assessment of Neuronal Viability
2.5. Viability Assay
2.6. Animals
2.7. Intranasal Administration of siRNA-PEI Nanocomplex into C57BL/6 Mice
2.8. Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)
2.9. Nissl Staining
2.10. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
2.11. Liposome Composition and In Vivo Imaging System (IVIS)
2.12. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. siBeclin1 Reduces Viral Production in HIV-Infected Human Microglia Co-Administered with Antiretroviral Drugs and Attenuates Secreted Viral-Induced Inflammatory Molecules in Human Microglia and Human Astrocytes
3.2. PEI-Man Targets Human Microglia and Human Astrocytes-Expressing Mannose Membrane Receptors and Does Not Exert Toxicity to Human Neuronal Cells
3.3. Biodistribution of the PEI-Man-siBeclin1 Nanoparticle in C57BL/6 Mice Brains after Intranasal Delivery
3.4. PEI-Man-siBeclin1 Nanoparticle Delivered to the Brain Causes Minimal Toxicity and Reduces the Secretion of Inflammatory Molecules
3.5. Biodistribution of DIR-Liposome-Nanoparticles in C57BL/6 Mice after Intranasal Delivery
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Rodriguez, M.; Soler, Y.; Muthu Karuppan, M.K.; Zhao, Y.; Batrakova, E.V.; El-Hage, N. Targeting Beclin1 as an Adjunctive Therapy against HIV Using Mannosylated Polyethylenimine Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 223. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13020223
Rodriguez M, Soler Y, Muthu Karuppan MK, Zhao Y, Batrakova EV, El-Hage N. Targeting Beclin1 as an Adjunctive Therapy against HIV Using Mannosylated Polyethylenimine Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13(2):223. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13020223
Chicago/Turabian StyleRodriguez, Myosotys, Yemmy Soler, Mohan Kumar Muthu Karuppan, Yuling Zhao, Elena V. Batrakova, and Nazira El-Hage. 2021. "Targeting Beclin1 as an Adjunctive Therapy against HIV Using Mannosylated Polyethylenimine Nanoparticles" Pharmaceutics 13, no. 2: 223. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13020223