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Volume 7
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10.3390/v7112915
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Review

Fluorescent Protein Approaches in Alpha Herpesvirus Research

by
Ian B. Hogue
,
Jens B. Bosse
†,
Esteban A. Engel
,
Julian Scherer
,
Jiun-Ruey Hu
,
Tony Del Rio
‡ and
Lynn W. Enquist
*
Department of Molecular Biology & Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Present address: Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg 20251, Germany
‡
Present address: Boston Biomedical, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Viruses 2015, 7(11), 5933-5961; https://doi.org/10.3390/v7112915
Submission received: 20 August 2015 / Revised: 12 October 2015 / Accepted: 14 October 2015 / Published: 19 November 2015
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Abstract

In the nearly two decades since the popularization of green fluorescent protein (GFP), fluorescent protein-based methodologies have revolutionized molecular and cell biology, allowing us to literally see biological processes as never before. Naturally, this revolution has extended to virology in general, and to the study of alpha herpesviruses in particular. In this review, we provide a compendium of reported fluorescent protein fusions to herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and pseudorabies virus (PRV) structural proteins, discuss the underappreciated challenges of fluorescent protein-based approaches in the context of a replicating virus, and describe general strategies and best practices for creating new fluorescent fusions. We compare fluorescent protein methods to alternative approaches, and review two instructive examples of the caveats associated with fluorescent protein fusions, including describing several improved fluorescent capsid fusions in PRV. Finally, we present our future perspectives on the types of powerful experiments these tools now offer.
Keywords: alpha herpesvirus; herpes simplex virus; HSV; pseudorabies virus; fluorescent protein; GFP; fluorescence microscopy; capsid alpha herpesvirus; herpes simplex virus; HSV; pseudorabies virus; fluorescent protein; GFP; fluorescence microscopy; capsid

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hogue, I.B.; Bosse, J.B.; Engel, E.A.; Scherer, J.; Hu, J.-R.; Del Rio, T.; Enquist, L.W. Fluorescent Protein Approaches in Alpha Herpesvirus Research. Viruses 2015, 7, 5933-5961. https://doi.org/10.3390/v7112915

AMA Style

Hogue IB, Bosse JB, Engel EA, Scherer J, Hu J-R, Del Rio T, Enquist LW. Fluorescent Protein Approaches in Alpha Herpesvirus Research. Viruses. 2015; 7(11):5933-5961. https://doi.org/10.3390/v7112915

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hogue, Ian B., Jens B. Bosse, Esteban A. Engel, Julian Scherer, Jiun-Ruey Hu, Tony Del Rio, and Lynn W. Enquist. 2015. "Fluorescent Protein Approaches in Alpha Herpesvirus Research" Viruses 7, no. 11: 5933-5961. https://doi.org/10.3390/v7112915

APA Style

Hogue, I. B., Bosse, J. B., Engel, E. A., Scherer, J., Hu, J.-R., Del Rio, T., & Enquist, L. W. (2015). Fluorescent Protein Approaches in Alpha Herpesvirus Research. Viruses, 7(11), 5933-5961. https://doi.org/10.3390/v7112915

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