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Article

Immunogenicity of an Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in People Living with HIV in Guangxi, China: A Prospective Cohort Study

by
Yuting Wu
1,†,
Xinwei Wang
1,†,
Yunxuan Huang
2,†,
Rongfeng Chen
3,
Yuexiang Xu
2,
Wudi Wei
3,
Fengxiang Qin
1,
Zongxiang Yuan
1,
Jinming Su
1,3,
Xiu Chen
1,
Jie Liu
1,3,
Liufang Wen
1,
Minjuan Shi
1,
Tongxue Qin
1,
Yinlu Liao
1,
Beibei Lu
1,
Xing Tao
1,
Cuixiao Wang
1,
Shanshan Chen
1,
Jinmiao Li
1,
William J. Liu
4,
Li Ye
1,3,*,
Hao Liang
1,3,* and
Junjun Jiang
1,3,*add Show full author list remove Hide full author list
1
Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
2
Guigang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guigang 537100, China
3
Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
4
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this study.
Viruses 2024, 16(9), 1481; https://doi.org/10.3390/v16091481
Submission received: 5 June 2024 / Revised: 30 July 2024 / Accepted: 9 August 2024 / Published: 18 September 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Viral Immunology, Vaccines, and Antivirals)
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Abstract

The inactivated COVID-19 vaccine has demonstrated high efficacy in the general population through extensive clinical and real-world studies. However, its effectiveness in immunocompromised individuals, particularly those living with HIV (PLWH), remains limited. In this study, 20 PLWH and 15 HIV-seronegative individuals were recruited to evaluate the immunogenicity of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in PLWH through a prospective cohort study. The median age of the 20 PLWH and 15 HIV-seronegative individuals was 42 years and 31 years, respectively. Of the PLWH, nine had been on ART for over five years. The median anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG antibody level on d224 was higher than that on d42 (8188.7 ng/mL vs. 3200.9 ng/mL, P < 0.05). Following COVID-19 infection, the antibody level increased to 29,872.5 ng/mL on dre+90, 12.19 times higher than that on d300. Compared with HIV-seronegative individuals, the antibody level in PLWH was lower on d210 (183.3 ng/mL vs. 509.3 ng/mL, P < 0.01), while there was no difference after d224. The symptoms of COVID-19 infection in PLWH were comparable to those in HIV-seronegative individuals. In this study, the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine demonstrated good immunogenicity in PLWH. The protective benefit of booster vaccinations for PLWH cannot be ignored. Implementing a booster vaccination policy for PLWH is an effective approach to providing better protection against the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: PLWH; SARS-CoV-2; inactivated COVID-19 vaccine; immunogenicity PLWH; SARS-CoV-2; inactivated COVID-19 vaccine; immunogenicity

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Wu, Y.; Wang, X.; Huang, Y.; Chen, R.; Xu, Y.; Wei, W.; Qin, F.; Yuan, Z.; Su, J.; Chen, X.; et al. Immunogenicity of an Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in People Living with HIV in Guangxi, China: A Prospective Cohort Study. Viruses 2024, 16, 1481. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16091481

AMA Style

Wu Y, Wang X, Huang Y, Chen R, Xu Y, Wei W, Qin F, Yuan Z, Su J, Chen X, et al. Immunogenicity of an Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in People Living with HIV in Guangxi, China: A Prospective Cohort Study. Viruses. 2024; 16(9):1481. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16091481

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wu, Yuting, Xinwei Wang, Yunxuan Huang, Rongfeng Chen, Yuexiang Xu, Wudi Wei, Fengxiang Qin, Zongxiang Yuan, Jinming Su, Xiu Chen, and et al. 2024. "Immunogenicity of an Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in People Living with HIV in Guangxi, China: A Prospective Cohort Study" Viruses 16, no. 9: 1481. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16091481

APA Style

Wu, Y., Wang, X., Huang, Y., Chen, R., Xu, Y., Wei, W., Qin, F., Yuan, Z., Su, J., Chen, X., Liu, J., Wen, L., Shi, M., Qin, T., Liao, Y., Lu, B., Tao, X., Wang, C., Chen, S., ... Jiang, J. (2024). Immunogenicity of an Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in People Living with HIV in Guangxi, China: A Prospective Cohort Study. Viruses, 16(9), 1481. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16091481

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