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Volume 14
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10.3390/v14122777
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Article

Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007/1 Challenge

by
Olivier Bourry
*,
Evelyne Hutet
,
Mireille Le Dimna
,
Pierrick Lucas
,
Yannick Blanchard
,
Amélie Chastagner
,
Frédéric Paboeuf
and
Marie-Frédérique Le Potier
Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail (Anses), Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort, BP 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2022, 14(12), 2777; https://doi.org/10.3390/v14122777
Submission received: 27 October 2022 / Revised: 1 December 2022 / Accepted: 9 December 2022 / Published: 13 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue African Swine Fever Virus 2.0)
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Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral disease of suids that induces high mortality in domestic pigs and wild boars. Given the current spread of ASF, the development of a vaccine is a priority. During an attempt to inactivate the Georgia 2007/1 strain via heat treatment, we fortuitously generated an attenuated strain called ASFV-989. Compared to Georgia, the ASFV-989 strain genome has a deletion of 7458 nucleotides located in the 5′-end encoding region of MGF 505/360, which allowed for developing a DIVA PCR system. In vitro, in porcine alveolar macrophages, the replication kinetics of the ASFV-989 and Georgia strains were identical. In vivo, specific-pathogen-free (SPF) pigs inoculated with the ASFV-989 strain, either intramuscularly or oronasally, exhibited transient hyperthermia and slightly decreased growth performance. Animals immunized with the ASFV-989 strain showed viremia 100 to 1000 times lower than those inoculated with the Georgia strain and developed a rapid antibody and cell-mediated response. In ASFV-989-immunized pigs challenged 2 or 4 weeks later with the Georgia strain, no symptoms were recorded and no viremia for the challenge strain was detected. These results show that the ASFV-989 strain is a promising non-GMO vaccine candidate that is usable either intramuscularly or oronasally.
Keywords: ASF; live attenuated vaccine; oronasal; intramuscular ASF; live attenuated vaccine; oronasal; intramuscular

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bourry, O.; Hutet, E.; Le Dimna, M.; Lucas, P.; Blanchard, Y.; Chastagner, A.; Paboeuf, F.; Le Potier, M.-F. Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007/1 Challenge. Viruses 2022, 14, 2777. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14122777

AMA Style

Bourry O, Hutet E, Le Dimna M, Lucas P, Blanchard Y, Chastagner A, Paboeuf F, Le Potier M-F. Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007/1 Challenge. Viruses. 2022; 14(12):2777. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14122777

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bourry, Olivier, Evelyne Hutet, Mireille Le Dimna, Pierrick Lucas, Yannick Blanchard, Amélie Chastagner, Frédéric Paboeuf, and Marie-Frédérique Le Potier. 2022. "Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007/1 Challenge" Viruses 14, no. 12: 2777. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14122777

APA Style

Bourry, O., Hutet, E., Le Dimna, M., Lucas, P., Blanchard, Y., Chastagner, A., Paboeuf, F., & Le Potier, M.-F. (2022). Oronasal or Intramuscular Immunization with a Thermo-Attenuated ASFV Strain Provides Full Clinical Protection against Georgia 2007/1 Challenge. Viruses, 14(12), 2777. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14122777

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