Recent Progress on Exosomes in RNA Virus Infection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Exosome Biogenesis
3. Exosome Composition
4. Roles of Exosomes in the Transmission and Replication of RNA Viruses
4.1. Roles for Exosomes in Enveloped Virus Processes
4.1.1. Exosomes with HIV
4.1.2. Exosomes with HCV
4.1.3. Exosomes and Other Enveloped Viruses
5. Roles of Exosomes in Nonenveloped RNA Virus Processes
6. Conclusions and Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Viruses | Possible Biological Roles | Reference |
---|---|---|
HIV | Helps to establish infection, complete assembly, support budding, and escape immune response | [30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50] |
HCV | Affects virus assembly, budding, spreading and immune evasion | [51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62] |
HTLV | Delivers host and viral components, activate the immune response, stimulate proinflammatory cytokines | [63,64,65,66,67] |
DENV | Antiviral activities | [68] |
IAV and RSV | Participates in viral egress | [69] |
HAV | Involves in membrane fusion, transportation of viral RNA from eHAV into the cytoplasm, virus packing and releasing | [70,71,72,73,74,75] |
HEV | Participates in virus entry, releasing, and escape immune response | [76,77,78,79,80,81] |
EV71 | Involves in virus infection, resistant to antibody neutralization, deliver miRNA | [82,83,84] |
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Zhang, L.; Ju, Y.; Chen, S.; Ren, L. Recent Progress on Exosomes in RNA Virus Infection. Viruses 2021, 13, 256. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13020256
Zhang L, Ju Y, Chen S, Ren L. Recent Progress on Exosomes in RNA Virus Infection. Viruses. 2021; 13(2):256. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13020256
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Liying, Yichen Ju, Si Chen, and Linzhu Ren. 2021. "Recent Progress on Exosomes in RNA Virus Infection" Viruses 13, no. 2: 256. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13020256