Comparative Virological and Pathogenic Characteristics of Avian Influenza H5N8 Viruses Detected in Wild Birds and Domestic Poultry in Egypt during the Winter of 2016/2017
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Phylogenetic Analysis of 2.3.4.4 A (H5N8) Egyptian Influenza Virus Genes
2.2. Cells
2.3. Viruses
2.4. Growth Kinetics of H5N8 Viruses in Mammalian Cells
2.5. Replication Rate of H5N8 Viruses in SPF-ECEs
2.6. Animal Experiments
2.7. Pathogenicity in Mice
2.8. Pathogenicity in Chickens and Ducks
2.9. Histopathology
2.10. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Source of Introductions of Egyptian H5N8 Genes
3.2. Growth Kinetics of H5N8 Viruses in Mammalian Cells and SPF-ECEs
3.3. Pathogenicity in Mice
3.4. Titer in Organs of Mice
3.5. Viral Replication and Pathogenicity in Ducks and Chickens
3.6. Histopathology
3.6.1. Lung
3.6.2. Liver
3.6.3. Intestine
3.6.4. Other Organs
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Virus | 871 | 813 | 13666 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Organ | ||||
Liver | 2 (1/3) b | 1 (1/3) | 1.5 (1/3) | |
Spleen | 2.25 ± 0.35 (2/3) | 1.5 ± 0 (2/3) | 1.5 (1/3) | |
Intestine | 2 ± 0 (3/3) | 1.33 ± 0.3 (3/3) | 1 (1/3) | |
Kidney | 1.5 ± 0 (3/3) | 1.5 ± 0 (3/3) | 1 (1/3) | |
Lung | 2 ± 0.7 (2/3) | 1.5 ± 0 (2/3) | 1.5 (1/3) | |
Trachea | 1.16 ± 0.6 (3/3) | 1.7 ± 0.8 (3/3) | 1 ± 0.7 (2/3) | |
Brain | 1.75 ± 0.35 (2/3) | 1.7 ± 0.3 (3/3) | 1.5(1/3) |
Virus | 871 | 813 | 13666 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Organ | ||||
Liver | 2.5 ± 0.8 (3/4) b | 3.375 ± 0.25 (4/4) | 2.875 ± 0.25 (4/4) | |
Spleen | 3.875 ± 1.7 (3/4) | 3 ± 0.57 (4/4) | 2 ± 1.4 (2/4) | |
Intestine | 3.5 ± 0 (3/4) | 3.5 ± 0 (4/4) | 3 ± 0 (4/4) | |
Kidney | 3.625 ± 0.25 (4/4) | 3.5 ± 0 (4/4) | 3.5 ± 0 (4/4) | |
Lung | 3 ± 1.3 (4/4) | 3.875 ± 0.25 (4/4) | 2.75 ± 0.5 (4/4) | |
Trachea | 3 ± 1.3 (4/4) | 3.5 ± 0 (4/4) | 2.625 ± 0.75 (4/4) | |
Brain | 3.1 ± 1.04 (3/4) | 3.5 ± 0 (4/4) | 3.5 ± 0 (4/4) |
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Moatasim, Y.; Kandeil, A.; Aboulhoda, B.E.; El-Shesheny, R.; Alkhazindar, M.; AbdElSalam, E.T.; Kutkat, O.; Kamel, M.N.; El Taweel, A.N.; Mostafa, A.; et al. Comparative Virological and Pathogenic Characteristics of Avian Influenza H5N8 Viruses Detected in Wild Birds and Domestic Poultry in Egypt during the Winter of 2016/2017. Viruses 2019, 11, 990. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11110990
Moatasim Y, Kandeil A, Aboulhoda BE, El-Shesheny R, Alkhazindar M, AbdElSalam ET, Kutkat O, Kamel MN, El Taweel AN, Mostafa A, et al. Comparative Virological and Pathogenic Characteristics of Avian Influenza H5N8 Viruses Detected in Wild Birds and Domestic Poultry in Egypt during the Winter of 2016/2017. Viruses. 2019; 11(11):990. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11110990
Chicago/Turabian StyleMoatasim, Yassmin, Ahmed Kandeil, Basma Emad Aboulhoda, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Maha Alkhazindar, Elsayed Tarek AbdElSalam, Omnia Kutkat, Mina Nabil Kamel, Ahmed Nageh El Taweel, Ahmed Mostafa, and et al. 2019. "Comparative Virological and Pathogenic Characteristics of Avian Influenza H5N8 Viruses Detected in Wild Birds and Domestic Poultry in Egypt during the Winter of 2016/2017" Viruses 11, no. 11: 990. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11110990