Simian Varicella Virus Infects Enteric Neurons and α4β7 Integrin-Expressing Gut-Tropic T-Cells in Nonhuman Primates
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Tissue Specimens from Nonhuman Primates
2.2. DNA Extraction from Human Specimens
2.3. DNA Extraction from Rhesus Macaque Intestine
2.4. Quantitative Real-Time PCR
2.5. In Situ Analyses
2.6. Flow Cytometry
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Detection of VZV DNA in Human Intestine Biopsies
3.2. Detection of Viral DNA and RNA in Intestine of Latently SVV-Infected Rhesus Macaques
3.3. SVV Infects T-Cells in Mesenteric Lymph Nodes
3.4. SVV Infects Gut-Tropic T-Cells In Vivo
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patient ID | Gender 1 | Age 2 | Disease at Time of Intestinal Biopsy | DNA 3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HSV-1 | VZV | ||||
1 | F | 72 | Small intestine B-cell lymphoma | – | 2 |
2 | F | 55 | Small intestine neuroendocrine tumor | – | 107 |
3 | F | 53 | Colonic adenocarcinoma | – | – |
4 | F | 57 | Small intestine B-cell lymphoma | – | – |
5 | F | 51 | Pancreatic carcinoma | – | – |
6 | M | 44 | Small intestine gastrointestinal stromal tumor | – | – |
7 | F | 40 | Colonic adenocarcinoma | – | – |
8 | F | 65 | Bladder adenocarcinoma | – | – |
9 | M | 48 | Metastatic melanoma | – | – |
10 | M | 61 | Small intestine neuroendocrine tumor | – | – |
11 | F | 64 | Ovarian papillary serous carcinoma | – | 423 |
12 | F | 60 | Colonic adenocarcinoma | – | – |
13 | M | 58 | Small intestine neuroendocrine tumor | – | – |
14 | M | 55 | Small intestine neuroendocrine tumor | – | – |
15 | M | 73 | Metastatic carcinoma (unknown origin) | – | – |
16 | F | 75 | Adnexal carcinosarcoma | – | 93 |
17 | M | 32 | Peutz-Jeghers syndrome | – | 30 |
18 | M | 68 | Carcinoid small intestine | – | – |
Animal ID | Tissue 1 | SVV DNA 2 |
---|---|---|
9021 | Colon + small intestine | 14 |
Colon | 11 | |
Duodenum | – | |
Ileum | – | |
Jejunum | – | |
Caecum | – | |
2207 | Colon + small intestine | 290 |
Colon | – | |
Duodenum | 12 | |
Ileum | 14 | |
Jejunum | – | |
Caecum | 110 |
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Ouwendijk, W.J.D.; Van Veen, S.; Mehraban, T.; Mahalingam, R.; Verjans, G.M.G.M. Simian Varicella Virus Infects Enteric Neurons and α4β7 Integrin-Expressing Gut-Tropic T-Cells in Nonhuman Primates. Viruses 2018, 10, 156. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10040156
Ouwendijk WJD, Van Veen S, Mehraban T, Mahalingam R, Verjans GMGM. Simian Varicella Virus Infects Enteric Neurons and α4β7 Integrin-Expressing Gut-Tropic T-Cells in Nonhuman Primates. Viruses. 2018; 10(4):156. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10040156
Chicago/Turabian StyleOuwendijk, Werner J. D., Suzanne Van Veen, Tamana Mehraban, Ravi Mahalingam, and Georges M. G. M. Verjans. 2018. "Simian Varicella Virus Infects Enteric Neurons and α4β7 Integrin-Expressing Gut-Tropic T-Cells in Nonhuman Primates" Viruses 10, no. 4: 156. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10040156
APA StyleOuwendijk, W. J. D., Van Veen, S., Mehraban, T., Mahalingam, R., & Verjans, G. M. G. M. (2018). Simian Varicella Virus Infects Enteric Neurons and α4β7 Integrin-Expressing Gut-Tropic T-Cells in Nonhuman Primates. Viruses, 10(4), 156. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10040156