A System Based-Approach to Examine Cytokine Response in Poxvirus-Infected Macrophages
1
Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Labs, Singapore 117510, Singapore
2
School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
3
Infection and Immunity, LKC School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
‡
Current address: International Institute for life Sciences, Jakarta Timur 13210, Indonesia.
§
Current address: Genomic Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore.
Viruses 2018, 10(12), 692; https://doi.org/10.3390/v10120692
Received: 9 October 2018
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Revised: 29 November 2018
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Accepted: 30 November 2018
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Published: 5 December 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cytokine Responses in Viral Infections)
The poxviruses are large, linear, double-stranded DNA viruses about 130 to 230 kbp, that have an animal origin and evolved to infect a wide host range. Variola virus (VARV), the causative agent of smallpox, is a poxvirus that infects only humans, but other poxviruses such as monkey poxvirus and cowpox virus (CPXV) have crossed over from animals to infect humans. Therefore understanding the biology of poxviruses can devise antiviral strategies to prevent these human infections. In this study we used a system-based approach to examine the host responses to three orthopoxviruses, CPXV, vaccinia virus (VACV), and ectromelia virus (ECTV) in the murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line. Overall, we observed a significant down-regulation of gene expressions for pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and related receptors. There were also common and virus-specific changes in the immune-regulated gene expressions for each poxvirus-infected RAW cells. Collectively our results showed that the murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line is a suitable cell-based model system to study poxvirus host response.
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Keywords:
poxvirus; macrophages; RAW cells; pro-inflammatory cytokines
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MDPI and ACS Style
Wong, P.-S.; Sutejo, R.; Chen, H.; Ng, S.-H.; Sugrue, R.J.; Tan, B.-H. A System Based-Approach to Examine Cytokine Response in Poxvirus-Infected Macrophages. Viruses 2018, 10, 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10120692
AMA Style
Wong P-S, Sutejo R, Chen H, Ng S-H, Sugrue RJ, Tan B-H. A System Based-Approach to Examine Cytokine Response in Poxvirus-Infected Macrophages. Viruses. 2018; 10(12):692. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10120692
Chicago/Turabian StyleWong, Pui-San, Richard Sutejo, Hui Chen, Sock-Hoon Ng, Richard J. Sugrue, and Boon-Huan Tan. 2018. "A System Based-Approach to Examine Cytokine Response in Poxvirus-Infected Macrophages" Viruses 10, no. 12: 692. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10120692
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