Determinants and Challenges of Community Sand Forest Management in Vietnam
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Site
2.2. Research Methods
2.2.1. Pilot Trips and Preparation for Field Trips
2.2.2. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs)
2.2.3. Household Survey
2.2.4. In-Depth Interviews
2.2.5. Data Analysis Method
3. Research Results and Discussions
3.1. Changes of the Sand Forest Roles in Local People’s Perception and Behavior
3.2. Changing the Role of Stakeholders in Sand Forest Management
3.3. Challenges of the Community in Sand Forest Management
3.3.1. Conflict in Sand Forest Management
3.3.2. Changing Stakeholder Roles in Conflict Management Related to the Use of the Sand Forest
3.3.3. The Lack of Recognition of the Community’s Legal Rights to Forests
3.4. Policy Implications for Sand Forest Management
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Commune Name | Number of Households | Sample Size |
---|---|---|
Phong Binh | 679 | 87.2 (87 households) |
Dien Huong | 852 | 89.5 (90 households) |
Period | Before 1979 | From 1979 to 2004 | From 2005 Up to Now |
---|---|---|---|
The main purpose |
|
|
|
The features of the sand forest |
|
|
|
The form of the conventions | The sand forest protection convention had been propagated by oral tradition | The sand forest protection convention had been documented by the village | The sand forest protection convention had been documented by the village without official recognition |
Variable Names | The Sand Forest Role before 2005 | The Sand Forest Role after 2005 | χ2 | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Providing timber | 56.5% | 0.0% | 139.37 | <0.001 *** |
Providing firewood | 54.8% | 0.0% | 133.61 | <0.001 *** |
Providing medicinal plants | 43.5% | 6.8% | 63.42 | <0.001 *** |
Preventing sandstorms | 65.0% | 67.2% | 0.20 | 0.653 |
Providing water for daily life | 25.4% | 14.1% | 7.12 | <0.01 ** |
Providing water for Agricultural production | 75.1% | 77.4% | 0.25 | 0.617 |
Reducing vulnerability to flood and drought | 79.7% | 89.3% | 6.97 | <0.01 ** |
Grave burial place (Graveyard) | 94.4% | 99.4% | 7.60 | <0.01 ** |
Stakeholders | Development and Facilitation of Village Convention | Assignment for Sand Forest Patrol | Sand Forest Fire Prevention and Fighting | Conflict Resolution | Penalties for Violations |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Village council | 2.16 | 1.93 | 1.84 | 0.68 | 0.56 |
Clan head | 0.28 | 0.44 | 0.20 | 1.06 | 0.97 |
The sand forest protection team | 2.12 | 2.79 | 2.27 | 0.99 | 0.94 |
Village head | 3.28 | 2.92 | 2.93 | 1.68 | 1.48 |
CPC | 3.47 | 3.28 | 2.05 | 2.80 | 3.13 |
FPU | 0.6 | 0.2 | 1.4 | 0.0 | 3.7 |
Rights | Villagers | Inside Commune | Outside Commune | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Regulation | Community Awareness | Practice | Regulation | Community Awareness | Practice | Regulation | Community Awareness | Practice | |
Exploring fresh firewood | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Exploring dry firewood | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | No |
Harvesting medicinal herb | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
Burying the dead (graveyard) | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
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Tuan, H.H.; Minh, N.V.; Mai, N.T.H.; Hang, T.T.T.; Iwanaga, S. Determinants and Challenges of Community Sand Forest Management in Vietnam. Forests 2022, 13, 561. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13040561
Tuan HH, Minh NV, Mai NTH, Hang TTT, Iwanaga S. Determinants and Challenges of Community Sand Forest Management in Vietnam. Forests. 2022; 13(4):561. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13040561
Chicago/Turabian StyleTuan, Hoang Huy, Nguyen Van Minh, Nguyen Thi Hong Mai, Tran Thi Thuy Hang, and Seiji Iwanaga. 2022. "Determinants and Challenges of Community Sand Forest Management in Vietnam" Forests 13, no. 4: 561. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13040561
APA StyleTuan, H. H., Minh, N. V., Mai, N. T. H., Hang, T. T. T., & Iwanaga, S. (2022). Determinants and Challenges of Community Sand Forest Management in Vietnam. Forests, 13(4), 561. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13040561