Effects of Several Chemicals on the Migration Behavior of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) Nickle
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Source and Culture of PWNs
2.2. Chemicals
2.3. The Self-Designed Assay for Evaluating Attractive Effects of Chemicals toward PWN
2.4. Attractive Effects of Several Chemicals on PWN in Infected Wood
2.5. The Self-Designed Assay for Evaluating Repellent Effects of Chemicals toward PWN
2.6. Repellent Effect of Several Chemicals on PWN in Infected Wood
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Analysis of the Attractive Effects of Several Chemicals toward PWN
3.2. Analysis of Repellent Effects of Several Chemicals on PWN
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Compound | Purity (%) | CAS No. | Source |
---|---|---|---|
NaClO | 5.2% | 7681-52-9 | Damas-beta. |
C2HCL3O2 | >99% | 200-663-8 | Damas-beta |
Clycerol | >99% | 56-81-5 | Damas-beta |
Lactic acid | ≥97.5% | 50-21-5 | General-reagent |
Palmitic acid | 98% | 57-10-3 | General-reagent |
Stearic acid | 40% | 57-11-4 | General-reagent |
β-Caryophyllene | 30% | 123-35-3 | General-reagent |
β-Myrcene | ≥75% | 123-35-3 | Mackin |
Toluene | ≥99.5% | 108-88-3 | Mackin |
Oleic acid | 90% | 112-80-1 | Mackin |
Linoleic acid | ≥98% | 60-33-3 | Mackin |
Diacetyl | ≥98.0% | 431-03-8 | Mackin |
KCl | ≥99.8% | 7447-40-7 | Nanjing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. |
NaC1 | ≥99.5% | 7647-14-5 | Nanjing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. |
MnC12 | 98% | 7773-01-5 | Nantong agro-chemical co. LTD |
CrCl2·2.5H2O | ≥99.0% | 7790-78-5 | Ourchen |
NaF | ≥99.0% | 7681-49-4 | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. |
Atropine sulfate | 100 mμg/mL | 5908-99-6 | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. |
DDVP | 200 g/L | 203645-53-8 | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. |
CuSO4·5H2O | ≥99.0% | 7758-99-8 | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. |
Kerosene | 1 L | 8008-20-6 | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. |
Diquat dibromide | 100 μg/mL | 85-00-7 | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. |
β-Humulene | ≥90% | 116-04-1 | Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. |
PWN | AmA3 | AA3 | Yw4 |
Average Data | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chemicals | |||||
Control | 70 ± 5.60 h A | 71 ± 14.93 g A | 69 ± 2.08 g A | 70 ± 0.81 g | |
NaClO | 89 ± 5.29 gh A | 85 ± 6.06 fg A | 76 ± 2.49 fg A | 83 ± 5.43 fg | |
C2HCL3O2 | 96 ± 5.60 gh A | 97 ± 14.93 fg A | 87 ± 2.08 fg AB | 93 ± 4.49 fg | |
Clycerol | 113 ± 2.06 fg A | 89 ± 5.60 fg B | 96 ± 6.33 fg B | 98 ± 10.07 fg | |
Lactic acid | 121 ± 8.62 fg A | 116 ± 3.56 fg AB | 124 ± 10.39 fg A | 120 ± 3.29 fg | |
Palmitic acid | 151 ± 8.62 e A | 148 ± 3.56 ef A | 145 ± 8.36 ef A | 148 ± 2.45 ef | |
Stearic acid | 154 ± 11.49 fg A | 150 ± 3.39 ef A | 159 ± 6.06 ef A | 154 ± 3.68 ef | |
β-Caryophyllene | 173 ± 3.39 ef A | 164 ± 10.43 ef B | 169 ± 6.06 ef A | 168 ± 3.68 ef | |
β-Myrcene | 272 ± 2.49 cd A | 253 ± 10.43 de B | 268 ± 10.37 de A | 264 ± 8.18 cd | |
Toluene | 292 ± 6.06 cd A | 284 ± 6.33 cd A | 298 ± 2.08 cd A | 291 ± 5.73 cd | |
Oleic acid | 337 ± 11.49 c A | 346 ± 2.83 bc AB | 333 ± 5.06 bc A | 338 ± 5.44 bc | |
Linoleic acid | 441 ± 4.22 b A | 451 ± 3.74 b AB | 442 ± 3.85 b A | 444 ± 4.49 b | |
Diacetyl | 513 ± 8.72 a AB | 523 ± 2.08 a AB | 509 ± 11.4 a A | 515 ± 5.89 a |
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Shi, X.-F.; Ding, X.-L.; Shi, L.-N.; Wang, Q.-T.; Ye, J.-R. Effects of Several Chemicals on the Migration Behavior of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) Nickle. Forests 2021, 12, 771. https://doi.org/10.3390/f12060771
Shi X-F, Ding X-L, Shi L-N, Wang Q-T, Ye J-R. Effects of Several Chemicals on the Migration Behavior of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) Nickle. Forests. 2021; 12(6):771. https://doi.org/10.3390/f12060771
Chicago/Turabian StyleShi, Xiu-Feng, Xiao-Lei Ding, Li-Na Shi, Qing-Tong Wang, and Jian-Ren Ye. 2021. "Effects of Several Chemicals on the Migration Behavior of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) Nickle" Forests 12, no. 6: 771. https://doi.org/10.3390/f12060771
APA StyleShi, X.-F., Ding, X.-L., Shi, L.-N., Wang, Q.-T., & Ye, J.-R. (2021). Effects of Several Chemicals on the Migration Behavior of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) Nickle. Forests, 12(6), 771. https://doi.org/10.3390/f12060771