Multichromic Polymers Containing Alternating Bi(3-Methoxythiophene) and Triphenylamine Based Units with Para-Protective Substituents
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Reagents and Equipment
2.2. Synthesis of CMTPA and MMTPA
2.3. Analytical Test Method
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Electrochemical Polymerization
3.2. Redox Characterization of the Polymer
3.3. Morphology
3.4. Optical Properties of the Monomers and Films
3.5. Spectroelectrochemistry
3.6. Electrochromic Switching of the Polymer Films in Solution
3.7. Spectroelectrochemical Properties of ECDs
3.8. Open Circuit Memory of ECDs
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Compounds | Eonset, vs. (Ag-wire) (V) | λmax (nm)/λonset (nm) | Eg a (eV) | HOMO b (eV) | LUMO c (eV) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CMTPA | 0.58 | 357/445 | 3.12 | −5.01 | −1.89 |
MMTPA | 0.45 | 373/463 | 3.01 | −4.88 | −1.87 |
METPA d | 0.46 | 371/418 | 2.96 | −4.86 | −1.90 |
MTTPA d | 0.49 | 363/415 | 2.98 | −4.89 | −1.91 |
PCMTPA | 0.16 | 445/607 | 2.39 | −4.59 | −2.2 |
PMMTPA | 0.09 | 463 | 2.35 | −4.52 | −2.17 |
PMETPA d | 0.11 | 454/533 | 2.32 | −4.51 | −2.19 |
PMTTPA d | 0.18 | 435/522 | 2.37 | −4.58 | −2.21 |
Polymers | E, vs. (Ag wire) (V) | L | a | b | Colors |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PCMTPA | 0 | 61.08 | −9.50 | 56.56 | yellow |
0.4 | 63.01 | −8.60 | 62.15 | yellowish green | |
0.5 | 61.94 | −11.31 | 57.42 | steel blue | |
1.1 | 53.76 | 4.98 | −7.10 | gray | |
PMMTPA | −0.2 | 82.58 | −4.07 | 70.32 | bright yellow |
0.3 | 78.71 | −7.69 | 54.84 | dark yellowish green | |
0.4 | 72.69 | −12.22 | 25.59 | dark blue green color | |
0.9 | 69.25 | 1.36 | −6.67 | dark blue |
Compounds | Wavelength (nm) | ∆T% | Response Time (t, s) | CE (cm2·C−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|
PCMTPA | 444 | 30 | 0.8 | 112 |
1070 | 62 | 4.5 | 124 | |
PMMTPA | 452 | 32 | 1.1 | 145 |
1255 | 86 | 3.6 | 164 | |
PMTTPA a | 430 | 28.7 | 0.9 | 177 |
1280 | 55.5 | 0.4 | 305 | |
PMETPA a | 454 | 43.7 | 1.3 | 230 |
1200 | 77.6 | 1.47 | 201 |
Compounds | Optical Contrast (ΔT%) | Response Time (s) | Color | Coloration Efficiency (cm2·C−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|
PCMTPA/PEDOT | 32 (1070 nm) | 0.6 (1070 nm) | yellow/blue | 301 (1070 nm) |
PMMTPA/PEDOT | 22 (440 nm) | 1.80 (440 nm) | green/blue | 235 (440 nm) |
PMETPA/PEDOT a | 29.8 (640 nm) | 0.40 (640 nm) | yellowish green/blue | 270 (640 nm) |
PMTTPA/PEDOT a | 30.3 (600 nm) | 1.80 (600 nm) | yellow/stone-blue | 517 (600 nm) |
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Hou, Y.; Kong, L.; Ju, X.; Liu, X.; Zhao, J.; Niu, Q. Multichromic Polymers Containing Alternating Bi(3-Methoxythiophene) and Triphenylamine Based Units with Para-Protective Substituents. Materials 2016, 9, 779. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9090779
Hou Y, Kong L, Ju X, Liu X, Zhao J, Niu Q. Multichromic Polymers Containing Alternating Bi(3-Methoxythiophene) and Triphenylamine Based Units with Para-Protective Substituents. Materials. 2016; 9(9):779. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9090779
Chicago/Turabian StyleHou, Yingfei, Lingqian Kong, Xiuping Ju, Xiaoli Liu, Jinsheng Zhao, and Qingshan Niu. 2016. "Multichromic Polymers Containing Alternating Bi(3-Methoxythiophene) and Triphenylamine Based Units with Para-Protective Substituents" Materials 9, no. 9: 779. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9090779