Characterization of Aluminum-Based-Surface Matrix Composites with Iron and Iron Oxide Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing
by
Essam R. I. Mahmoud 1,2 and Mahmoud M. Tash 3,4,*
Essam R. I. Mahmoud 1,2 and Mahmoud M. Tash 3,4,*
1
Mechanical Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
2
Welding and NDT Laboratory, Manufacturing Technology Department, Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), Cairo 11421, Egypt
3
Industrial Engineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz, AlKharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
4
On Leave from the Mining, Petroleum and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Liangchi Zhang
Materials 2016, 9(7), 505; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9070505
Received: 24 April 2016 / Revised: 11 June 2016 / Accepted: 20 June 2016 / Published: 23 June 2016
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials' 2016 (Montreal, Canada: June 20 - 24, 2016) - Advances and Trends in Engineering Materials and their Applications)
Surface composite layers were successfully fabricated on an A 1050-H24 aluminum plate by dispersed iron (Fe) and magnetite (Fe3O4) particles through friction stir processing (FSP). Fe and Fe3O4 powders were packed into a groove of 3 mm in width and 1.5 mm in depth, cut on the aluminum plate, and covered with an aluminum sheet that was 2-mm thick. A friction stir processing (FSP) tool of square probe shape, rotated at a rate of 1000–2000 rpm, was plunged into the plate through the cover sheet and the groove, and moved along the groove at a travelling speed of 1.66 mm/s. Double and triple passes were applied. As a result, it is found that the Fe particles were homogenously distributed in the whole nugget zone at a rotation speed of 1000 rpm after triple FSP passes. Limited interfacial reactions occurred between the Fe particles and the aluminum matrix. On the other hand, the lower rotation speed (1000 rpm) was not enough to form a sound nugget when the dispersed particles were changed to the larger Fe3O4. The Fe3O4 particles were dispersed homogenously in a sound nugget zone when the rotation speed was increased to 1500 rpm. No reaction products could be detected between the Fe3O4 particles and the aluminum matrix. The saturation magnetization (Ms) of the Fe-dispersed nugget zone was higher than that of the Fe3O4-dispersed nugget zone. Moreover, there were good agreement between the obtained saturation magnetization values relative to that of pure Fe and Fe3O4 materials and the volume content of the dispersed particles in the nugget zone.
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Keywords:
magnetization; aluminum; friction stir processing; surface composites; iron powder; Fe3O4
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MDPI and ACS Style
Mahmoud, E.R.I.; Tash, M.M. Characterization of Aluminum-Based-Surface Matrix Composites with Iron and Iron Oxide Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing. Materials 2016, 9, 505.
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