Long-Term Oxidation Susceptibility in Ambient Air of the Semiconductor Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders Made by Mechanochemical Synthesis Method
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Preparation of Kesterite Nanopowder Materials
2.2. Sample Labeling
2.3. Characterization
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cubic Zincblende-Type Prekesterite | Disordered Tetragonal Kesterite | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a [Å] | Dav [nm] | wt% | a/c [Å] | Dav [nm] | wt% | |
CE system | ||||||
freshly made | 5.44 | 6 | 100 | 5.43/10.86 | 12 | 100 |
1 month | 5.42 | 12 | 70 | 5.43/10.96 | 12 | 66 |
3 month | 5.45 | 9 | 42 | 5.45/10.98 | 12 | 46 |
6 month | 5.42 | 11 | 39 | 5.42/10.88 | 13 | 44 |
MS system | ||||||
freshly made | 5.42 | 7 | 100 | 5.43/10.83 | 13 | 100 |
1 month | 5.43 | 9 | 62 | 5.42/10.94 | 13 | 65 |
3 month | 5.44 | 12 | 43 | 5.44/10.98 | 12 | 57 |
6 month | 5.41 | 9 | 38 | 5.44/10.93 | 12 | 50 |
CA system | ||||||
freshly made | 5.43 | 9 | 100 | 5.44/10.82 | 18 | 100 |
1 month | 5.42 | 9 | 55 | 5.42/10.90 | 14 | 66 |
3 month | 5.44 | 9 | 36 | 5.44/10.99 | 15 | 65 |
6 month | 5.41 | 11 | 31 | 5.43/10.93 | 14 | 52 |
CE System | MS System | CA System | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prekesterite Kesterite | Prekesterite Kesterite | Prekesterite Kesterite | ||||
HELIUM DENSITY dHe [g/cm3] | ||||||
freshly made | 3.64 | 3.91 | 3.90 | 4.24 | 3.6 | 4.3 |
6-month exposure | 3.12 | 3.25 | 2.86 | 3.25 | 3.04 | 3.51 |
BET/BJH SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA [m2/g] | ||||||
freshly made | 18.2/21.9 | 17.3/21.1 | 17.9/21.9 | 17.2/21.1 | 12.7/13.0 | 11.4/11.6 |
6-month exposure | 12.0/12.8 | 21.8/25.9 | 10.6/11.7 | 21.1/24.2 | 11.4/11.8 | 19.5/21.9 |
CE System | MS System | CA System | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prekesterite | Kesterite | Prekesterite | Kesterite | Prekesterite | Kesterite | |
OXYGEN CONTENT [wt%] | ||||||
freshly made | 4.48 | 0.63 | 5.86 | 1.16 | 4.32 | 1.60 |
1 month | 22.4 | 25.4 | 22.1 | 24.7 | 28.2 | 24.8 |
3 month | 28.7 | 31.4 | 31.2 | 33.3 | 32.2 | 33.4 |
6 month | 31.8 | 36.3 | 33.3 | 32.8 | 33.6 | 34.0 |
HYDROGEN CONTENT [wt%] | ||||||
freshly made | 0.30 | 0.01 | 0.32 | 0.02 | 0.46 | 0.04 |
1 month | 2.04 | 2.26 | 1.88 | 2.29 | 2.38 | 2.20 |
3 month | 2.38 | 2.44 | 2.38 | 2.37 | 2.58 | 2.30 |
6 month | 3.00 | 2.79 | 3.06 | 2.78 | 3.04 | 2.67 |
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Lejda, K.; Ziąbka, M.; Olejniczak, Z.; Janik, J.F. Long-Term Oxidation Susceptibility in Ambient Air of the Semiconductor Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders Made by Mechanochemical Synthesis Method. Materials 2023, 16, 6160. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186160
Lejda K, Ziąbka M, Olejniczak Z, Janik JF. Long-Term Oxidation Susceptibility in Ambient Air of the Semiconductor Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders Made by Mechanochemical Synthesis Method. Materials. 2023; 16(18):6160. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186160
Chicago/Turabian StyleLejda, Katarzyna, Magdalena Ziąbka, Zbigniew Olejniczak, and Jerzy Franciszek Janik. 2023. "Long-Term Oxidation Susceptibility in Ambient Air of the Semiconductor Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders Made by Mechanochemical Synthesis Method" Materials 16, no. 18: 6160. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186160