Carbon Nanomaterials (CNMs) and Enzymes: From Nanozymes to CNM-Enzyme Conjugates and Biodegradation
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Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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School of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Health, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, Ireland
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Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences, University Sapienza of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Pavel Kopel
Materials 2022, 15(3), 1037; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031037
Received: 18 December 2021
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Revised: 20 January 2022
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Accepted: 26 January 2022
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Published: 28 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Nanomaterials for a Better Life)
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) and enzymes differ significantly in terms of their physico-chemical properties—their handling and characterization require very different specialized skills. Therefore, their combination is not trivial. Numerous studies exist at the interface between these two components—especially in the area of sensing—but also involving biofuel cells, biocatalysis, and even biomedical applications including innovative therapeutic approaches and theranostics. Finally, enzymes that are capable of biodegrading CNMs have been identified, and they may play an important role in controlling the environmental fate of these structures after their use. CNMs’ widespread use has created more and more opportunities for their entry into the environment, and thus it becomes increasingly important to understand how to biodegrade them. In this concise review, we will cover the progress made in the last five years on this exciting topic, focusing on the applications, and concluding with future perspectives on research combining carbon nanomaterials and enzymes.
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Keywords:
carbon nanomaterials; carbon nanotubes; graphene; carbon nano-onions; carbon nanodots; enzymes; nanozymes; sensing; fuel cells; medicine
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MDPI and ACS Style
Rozhin, P.; Abdel Monem Gamal, J.; Giordani, S.; Marchesan, S. Carbon Nanomaterials (CNMs) and Enzymes: From Nanozymes to CNM-Enzyme Conjugates and Biodegradation. Materials 2022, 15, 1037. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031037
AMA Style
Rozhin P, Abdel Monem Gamal J, Giordani S, Marchesan S. Carbon Nanomaterials (CNMs) and Enzymes: From Nanozymes to CNM-Enzyme Conjugates and Biodegradation. Materials. 2022; 15(3):1037. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031037
Chicago/Turabian StyleRozhin, Petr, Jada Abdel Monem Gamal, Silvia Giordani, and Silvia Marchesan. 2022. "Carbon Nanomaterials (CNMs) and Enzymes: From Nanozymes to CNM-Enzyme Conjugates and Biodegradation" Materials 15, no. 3: 1037. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031037
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