The Effect of Antimony (III) Oxide on the Necessary Amount of Precursors Used in Laser-Activated Coatings Intended for Electroless Metallization
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
- Polinitrate (V) complex of [(2-amino-5-guanidine-pentane) (mi-O,O′-nitrate(V)) (2,2′-dipyridile) copper (II)]{[Cu(μ-O,O′-NO3)(l-arg)(2,2′-bpy)]·NO3}n abbreviated as compound A;
- Copper (II) acetylacetonate Cu(acac)2 (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) abbreviated as compound B;
- Antimony (III) oxide Sb2O3 (particle size < 250 nm) (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA);
- Polyurethane resin B4060 (Haering, Bubsheim, Germany);
- Polycarbonate (PC) Xantar 19 UR (DSM Engineering Plastics, Holand);
- Autocatalytic metallization bath M-Copper-85 (MacDermid, Łysomice, Poland);
- Formaldehyde HCHO, 36% (POCH, Gliwice, Poland), molecular weight 30.03 g mol−1;
- Adhesive Araldite 2011 (Huntsman, Basel, Switzerland).
2.2. Laser Irradiation and Metallization
2.3. Methodology
3. Results
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Coating | Content of Compounds: [wt.%] | ||
---|---|---|---|
Complex A | Complex B | Sb2O3 | |
A1 | 20 | - | - |
A2 | 16.67 | - | 3.33 |
A3 | 15 | - | 5 |
A4 | 10 | - | 10 |
B0 | - | 10 | - |
B1 | - | 20 | - |
B2 | - | 16.67 | 3.33 |
B3 | - | 15 | 5 |
B4 | - | 10 | 10 |
Nazwa Próbki | N = 300 | N = 500 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cu at. [%] | O at. [%] | C at. [%] | Sb at. [%] | Cu at. [%] | O at. [%] | C at. [%] | Sb at. [%] | |
A1 | - | 30.45 | 69.55 | - | 0.41 | 29.84 | 69.45 | - |
A2 | 0.36 | 27.90 | 64.75 | - | 2.38 | 24.69 | 67.85 | 5.07 |
A3 | 0.46 | 29.13 | 70.41 | - | 1.46 | 21.33 | 68.05 | 9.16 |
A4 | 0.19 | 29.83 | 69.97 | - | 1.19 | 25.14 | 63.93 | 9.74 |
B1 | 7.37 | 21.18 | 71.45 | - | 9.40 | 21.48 | 69.12 | - |
B2 | 4.94 | 20.91 | 74.14 | - | 7.10 | 23.66 | 67.54 | 1.70 |
B3 | 7.92 | 20.83 | 67.62 | 3.62 | 7.64 | 22.28 | 64.05 | 6.02 |
B4 | 4.03 | 19.75 | 59.08 | 17.14 | 4.86 | 25.11 | 55.65 | 14.38 |
Coating | Surface Energy [mJ/m2] | ||
---|---|---|---|
Unmodified | Modified N = 300 | Modified N = 500 | |
A1 | 42.7 | 45.3 | 42.9 |
A2 | 38.3 | 55.2 | 61.2 |
A3 | 47 | 50.8 | 59.1 |
A4 | 42.1 | 51.5 | 68 |
B1 | 42.1 | 82.6 | 74.8 |
B2 | 38.6 | 86.4 | 75 |
B3 | 37.3 | 67.5 | 75 |
B4 | 72.8 | 78.8 | 77.1 |
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Jagodziński, B.; Rytlewski, P.; Moraczewski, K.; Trafarski, A.; Karasiewicz, T. The Effect of Antimony (III) Oxide on the Necessary Amount of Precursors Used in Laser-Activated Coatings Intended for Electroless Metallization. Materials 2022, 15, 5155. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155155
Jagodziński B, Rytlewski P, Moraczewski K, Trafarski A, Karasiewicz T. The Effect of Antimony (III) Oxide on the Necessary Amount of Precursors Used in Laser-Activated Coatings Intended for Electroless Metallization. Materials. 2022; 15(15):5155. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155155
Chicago/Turabian StyleJagodziński, Bartłomiej, Piotr Rytlewski, Krzysztof Moraczewski, Andrzej Trafarski, and Tomasz Karasiewicz. 2022. "The Effect of Antimony (III) Oxide on the Necessary Amount of Precursors Used in Laser-Activated Coatings Intended for Electroless Metallization" Materials 15, no. 15: 5155. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155155