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10.3390/ma14227047
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Article

Effect of Electrolytic Manganese Residue in Fly Ash-Based Cementitious Material: Hydration Behavior and Microstructure

by
Yaguang Wang
1,
Na Zhang
2,*,
Yongyu Ren
1,
Yingtang Xu
1 and
Xiaoming Liu
1,*
1
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2
Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2021, 14(22), 7047; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14227047
Submission received: 30 August 2021 / Revised: 6 November 2021 / Accepted: 16 November 2021 / Published: 20 November 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current State of Coal Fly Ash Utilization: Characterization and Application)
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Abstract

Electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) is a solid waste with a main mineralogical composition of gypsum. It is generated in the production of metal manganese by the electrolysis process. In this research, EMR, fly ash, and clinker were blended to make fly ash-based cementitious material (FAC) to investigate the effect of EMR on strength properties, hydration behavior, microstructure, and environmental performance of FAC. XRD, TG, and SEM studied the hydration behavior of FAC. The pore structure and [SiO4] polymerization degree were characterized by MIP and 29Si NMR, respectively. The experimental results indicate that FAC shows excellent mechanical properties when the EMR dosage is 10%. Moderate content of sulfate provided by EMR can promote hydration reaction of FAC, and it shows a denser pore structure and higher [SiO4] polymerization degree in this case. Heavy metal ions derived from EMR can be adsorbed in the hydration products of FAC to obtain better environmental properties. This paper presents an AFt covering model for the case of excessive EMR in FAC, and it importantly provides theoretical support for the recycling of EMR in cementitious materials.
Keywords: electrolytic manganese residue; fly ash-based cementitious material; hydration behavior; pore structure; polymerization degree electrolytic manganese residue; fly ash-based cementitious material; hydration behavior; pore structure; polymerization degree
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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, Y.; Zhang, N.; Ren, Y.; Xu, Y.; Liu, X. Effect of Electrolytic Manganese Residue in Fly Ash-Based Cementitious Material: Hydration Behavior and Microstructure. Materials 2021, 14, 7047. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14227047

AMA Style

Wang Y, Zhang N, Ren Y, Xu Y, Liu X. Effect of Electrolytic Manganese Residue in Fly Ash-Based Cementitious Material: Hydration Behavior and Microstructure. Materials. 2021; 14(22):7047. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14227047

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Yaguang, Na Zhang, Yongyu Ren, Yingtang Xu, and Xiaoming Liu. 2021. "Effect of Electrolytic Manganese Residue in Fly Ash-Based Cementitious Material: Hydration Behavior and Microstructure" Materials 14, no. 22: 7047. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14227047

APA Style

Wang, Y., Zhang, N., Ren, Y., Xu, Y., & Liu, X. (2021). Effect of Electrolytic Manganese Residue in Fly Ash-Based Cementitious Material: Hydration Behavior and Microstructure. Materials, 14(22), 7047. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14227047

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