Deflection Estimation Based on the Thermal Characteristics of Composite Deck Slabs Containing Macro-Synthetic Fibers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Specimens and Test Methods
2.1. Materials
2.1.1. Deck Plate
2.1.2. Characteristics of the Macro-Fiber
2.2. Material Test
2.3. Test Plan and Specimen Design
2.4. Test Method and Setup
- t: Fire occurrence time (min)
- : Average temperature in the heating furnace (°C)
- : Air temperature (20 °C)
- : Span (mm)
- d: The distance from the position designed to receive the maximum compressive force of the structural section to the position designed to receive the maximum tensile force (mm)
3. Test Results
3.1. Deflection Change According to Temperature
3.2. Thermal Properties of the Deck Slabs
3.3. Thermal Properties of Deck Slabs with Macro-Synthetic Fibers
4. Deflection Estimation of Composite Deck Plate Slab Exposed to High Temperatures
- -
- The sum of compressive stresses occurring in the member is always equal to the sum of the tensile stresses.
- -
- The moment generated by compression and tension force is the same as the applied moment.
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- Based on the results of a fire test on the deck slab, RC-0, Deck-0, and Deck-2.4 all satisfied the fire resistance certification time of 120 min for the floor member.
- (2)
- Based on an analysis of the temperature distribution of the deck slab, the temperature increase was delayed in a section after a certain time, which is believed to have affected the overall temperature increase.
- (3)
- The internal temperature of Deck-0 was the highest compared with other specimens, but the deformation was the lowest. This is believed to have reduced the deformation of the deck plate because the composite effect increased due to the ribs arranged in the web and the Y-shape flange at the end of the ribs.
- (4)
- Based on an analysis of the thermal properties of the macro-synthetic fibers, Deck-2.4 (containing macro-synthetic fibers) had the lowest backside temperature compared with the other test specimens with a deformation difference of 16.7 mm compared with Deck-0. Therefore, the incorporation of macro-synthetic fibers is effective in preventing an increase in the temperature inside the slab, although it did not cause any reduction in the amount of deformation.
- (5)
- When estimating deflection due to thermal load for the deck slab, the temperature distribution should be applied differently for each method of estimating deflection. In addition, the method for estimating deflection due to axial force was found to safely evaluate the fire resistance performance of a deck slab.
- (6)
- If the estimation of the temperature distribution considering the thermal characteristics of the deck slab and macro-synthetic fiber is derived in the future, the deflection of the slab in case of fire can be derived analytically without relying on experiments by applying the deflection evaluation method performed in this study. In addition, it is necessary to analyze the effect of the length and angle of the rib and the Y-shape on the fire resistance performance of the deck plate later through finite element analysis.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Thickness (mm) | Weight (kg/m2) | Section Area (mm2) | Centroid (mm) |
---|---|---|---|
0.8 | 14.47 | 1075.2 | 25.29 |
Material | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Modulus of Elasticity (GPa) | Length (mm) | Diameter (µm) | Aspect Ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Polypropylene | 54.9 | 4.7 | 54 | 0.34 | 159 |
W/C (%) | S/a (%) | Unit Weight (kg/m3) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C | W | S | G | AD | MF | ||
54.9 | 45.5 | 365 | 200.7 | 854 | 1022.7 | 3.29 | 0 |
2.4 |
Day | No. | (kg/m3) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
28 | 1 | 0 | 34.70 | 0.00163 | 38,912 |
2 | 34.98 | 0.00167 | 35,457 | ||
3 | 35.74 | 0.00143 | 41,128 | ||
90 | 1 | 37.6 | 0.00158 | 32,696 | |
2 | 38.49 | 0.00169 | 37,551 | ||
3 | 39.41 | 0.0018 | 32,245 | ||
28 | 1 | 2.4 | 39.35 | 0.00164 | 42,408 |
2 | 40.94 | 0.00140 | 46,054 | ||
3 | 39.89 | 0.00194 | 32,934 | ||
90 | 1 | 36.19 | 0.00173 | 35,558 | |
2 | 33.89 | 0.00128 | 38,126 | ||
3 | 26.77 | 0.00164 | 33,463 |
Day | No. | (kg/m3) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
28 | 1 | 0 | 3.708 | - | - | - |
2 | 3.308 | - | - | - | ||
3 | - | - | - | - | ||
1 | 2.4 | 3.456 | 1.252 | 1.204 | 1.104 | |
2 | 3.708 | 0.904 | 0.904 | 0.706 | ||
3 | 3.906 | 0.754 | 0.704 | 0.704 |
Specimen | Thickness (mm) | Length (m) | Width (m) | Macro-Synthetic Fibers (kg/m3) | Concrete Cover Thickness (mm) | Top Rebar | Bottom Rebar | Uniform Load (kN/m2) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Top | Bottom | ||||||||
RC-0 | 150 | 4.7 | 3.0 | 0 | 20 | 20 | D10@200 | D13@90 | 7.2 |
Deck-0 | 0 | - | - | ||||||
Deck-2.4 | 2.4 | - | - |
Specimen | Displacement (mm) | Rate of Displacement (mm/min) | Temperature Increase at Unheated Surface (°C) | Fire Resistance Performance (O/X) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Limitation | Measured | Limitation | Measured | Average | Maximum | ||
RC-0 | 294 | 149.8 | 13 | 5.7 | 79.4 | 102.1 | O |
Deck-0 | 294 | 134.8 | 13 | 8.0 | 99.3 | 158.4 | O |
Deck-2.4 | 294 | 151.5 | 13 | 6.6 | 65.0 | 69.8 | O |
Specimen | Measurement | Temperature (°C) at 120 min | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rebar and Deck Plate | Concrete | ||||||
30 mm | 80 mm | 120 mm | 30 mm | 80 mm | 120 mm | ||
RC-0 | Average | 582.6 | - | 115.3 | 487.8 | 225.3 | 114.6 |
Maximum | 670.4 | - | 149.0 | 673.2 | 292.5 | 137.6 | |
Deck-0 | Average | 642.0 | 292.6 | 116.8 | 480.5 | 255.4 | 134.3 |
Maximum | 728.3 | 367.3 | 149.3 | 682.8 | 410.2 | 193.4 | |
Deck-2.4 | Average | 609.8 | 292.0 | 101.1 | 458.8 | 189.5 | 102.6 |
Maximum | 646.8 | 379.2 | 103.6 | 601.7 | 237.7 | 107.4 |
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Son, D.-H.; Ahn, H.-J.; Chung, J.-H.; Bae, B.-I.; Choi, C.-S. Deflection Estimation Based on the Thermal Characteristics of Composite Deck Slabs Containing Macro-Synthetic Fibers. Materials 2021, 14, 4052. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14144052
Son D-H, Ahn H-J, Chung J-H, Bae B-I, Choi C-S. Deflection Estimation Based on the Thermal Characteristics of Composite Deck Slabs Containing Macro-Synthetic Fibers. Materials. 2021; 14(14):4052. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14144052
Chicago/Turabian StyleSon, Dong-Hee, Hyo-Jun Ahn, Joo-Hong Chung, Baek-Il Bae, and Chang-Sik Choi. 2021. "Deflection Estimation Based on the Thermal Characteristics of Composite Deck Slabs Containing Macro-Synthetic Fibers" Materials 14, no. 14: 4052. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14144052
APA StyleSon, D.-H., Ahn, H.-J., Chung, J.-H., Bae, B.-I., & Choi, C.-S. (2021). Deflection Estimation Based on the Thermal Characteristics of Composite Deck Slabs Containing Macro-Synthetic Fibers. Materials, 14(14), 4052. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14144052