Additive Manufacturing Processes in Medical Applications
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
Materials 2021, 14(1), 191; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14010191
Received: 26 November 2020
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Revised: 16 December 2020
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Accepted: 27 December 2020
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Published: 3 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling, Simulation and Data Processing for Additive Manufacturing)
Additive manufacturing (AM, 3D printing) is used in many fields and different industries. In the medical and dental field, every patient is unique and, therefore, AM has significant potential in personalized and customized solutions. This review explores what additive manufacturing processes and materials are utilized in medical and dental applications, especially focusing on processes that are less commonly used. The processes are categorized in ISO/ASTM process classes: powder bed fusion, material extrusion, VAT photopolymerization, material jetting, binder jetting, sheet lamination and directed energy deposition combined with classification of medical applications of AM. Based on the findings, it seems that directed energy deposition is utilized rarely only in implants and sheet lamination rarely for medical models or phantoms. Powder bed fusion, material extrusion and VAT photopolymerization are utilized in all categories. Material jetting is not used for implants and biomanufacturing, and binder jetting is not utilized for tools, instruments and parts for medical devices. The most common materials are thermoplastics, photopolymers and metals such as titanium alloys. If standard terminology of AM would be followed, this would allow a more systematic review of the utilization of different AM processes. Current development in binder jetting would allow more possibilities in the future.
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Keywords:
additive manufacturing; rapid manufacturing; rapid prototyping; 3D printing; medical; implants; dental; processes; methods; clinical
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Salmi, M. Additive Manufacturing Processes in Medical Applications. Materials 2021, 14, 191. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14010191
AMA Style
Salmi M. Additive Manufacturing Processes in Medical Applications. Materials. 2021; 14(1):191. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14010191
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalmi, Mika. 2021. "Additive Manufacturing Processes in Medical Applications" Materials 14, no. 1: 191. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14010191
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