Diamond-Like-Carbon Coated Dies for Electromagnetic Embossing
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Die Manufacturing
2.2. Diamond-Like-Carbon Coating
2.3. Embossing Setup
3. Results
3.1. Embossing Die Material
3.2. Diamond-Like-Carbon Coated Dies
3.3. Embossing Result
4. Conclusions
- Adhesion occurred for all die materials during embossing of aluminum. The highest amount of adhesion was observed under the coil at the edge of the die where the electrical field is assumed highest.
- Diamond-Like-Carbon coating was suitable to prevent the adhesion even during electromagnetic embossing operations of thin sheets when the coating is penetrated by the electromagnetic field.
- No wear of the coating was observed, neither adhesion nor delamination.
- The surface preparation of the sheet with a thickness of s0 = 200 µm led to significant differences in the embossing quality of the mainly laminar orientated “structure A”. On polished sheets, this die produced a better embossing quality, whereas on the surface of a rolled sheet still imprints of the rolling marks were found.
- The sheet with a thickness of s0 = 50 µm exhibited worse embossing results compared to the thicker sheet with the same initial surface condition, due to less energy transfer.
- For “structure B” which is indicated by line the embossing results showed less differences, thus the initial surface and the chosen process parameter were more suitable for this structure.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No | Al99.5 Sheet (50 × 50 mm2) | Embossing Die | Embossing Parameters |
---|---|---|---|
1 | s0 = 50 µm | structure A | overall capacity; C = 100 µF |
2 | s0 = 200 µm | voltage; Umax = 6 kV | |
3 | s0 = 200 µm, initial polished | charge energy; Emax = 1800 J | |
4 | s0 = 50 µm | structure B | inductance of the setup, ~0.6 µH |
5 | s0 = 200 µm | coil material, copper | |
6 | s0 = 200 µm, initial polished | coil cross-section, 5 × 5 mm2 |
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Herrmann, M.; Beckschwarte, B.; Hasselbruch, H.; Heidhoff, J.; Schenck, C.; Riemer, O.; Mehner, A.; Kuhfuss, B. Diamond-Like-Carbon Coated Dies for Electromagnetic Embossing. Materials 2020, 13, 4939. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13214939
Herrmann M, Beckschwarte B, Hasselbruch H, Heidhoff J, Schenck C, Riemer O, Mehner A, Kuhfuss B. Diamond-Like-Carbon Coated Dies for Electromagnetic Embossing. Materials. 2020; 13(21):4939. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13214939
Chicago/Turabian StyleHerrmann, Marius, Björn Beckschwarte, Henning Hasselbruch, Julian Heidhoff, Christian Schenck, Oltmann Riemer, Andreas Mehner, and Bernd Kuhfuss. 2020. "Diamond-Like-Carbon Coated Dies for Electromagnetic Embossing" Materials 13, no. 21: 4939. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13214939