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Mineralogical, Textural and Physical Characterisation to Determine Deterioration Susceptibility of Irulegi Castle Lime Mortars (Navarre, Spain)

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Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country-UPV/EHU, Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
2
Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, 18002 Granada, Spain
3
Aranzadi Society of Sciences, Zorroagagaina 11, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2019, 12(4), 584; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12040584
Received: 29 January 2019 / Revised: 11 February 2019 / Accepted: 12 February 2019 / Published: 15 February 2019
(This article belongs to the Section Construction and Building Materials)
Archaeological lime mortars from the Tower Keep and West perimeter wall of Irulegi Castle (Navarre, Spain) were analysed to determine susceptibility to deterioration. Chemical, mineralogical, textural and physical characterisation was performed by different tests and multianalysis techniques in order to determine the intrinsic features of the original historical mortars at the castle. Samples from the Tower Keep are more prone to deteriorate compared with the West perimeter wall due to high water absorption capacity and high porosity. A high degree of pore interconnection, high desorption index and the presence of high pore volume in the 0.01 to 1 µm size range affect the mortar durability since pores retain water longer inside the mortar. Local environment conditions with persistent annual rainfall, high humidity and temperature variations contribute to the decay process of the original mortar. Characterisation of historical mortars not only allows better understanding of susceptibility to deterioration but also helps the design of compatible and durable repair mortar for future interventions on historical heritage. Compatibility of new materials with the historical mortar will be ensured by studying mortar characteristics and properties. View Full-Text
Keywords: lime mortar; mineralogy; texture; durability; deterioration; hydric behaviour; pore system lime mortar; mineralogy; texture; durability; deterioration; hydric behaviour; pore system
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MDPI and ACS Style

Ponce-Antón, G.; Arizzi, A.; Zuluaga, M.C.; Cultrone, G.; Ortega, L.A.; Agirre Mauleon, J. Mineralogical, Textural and Physical Characterisation to Determine Deterioration Susceptibility of Irulegi Castle Lime Mortars (Navarre, Spain). Materials 2019, 12, 584. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12040584

AMA Style

Ponce-Antón G, Arizzi A, Zuluaga MC, Cultrone G, Ortega LA, Agirre Mauleon J. Mineralogical, Textural and Physical Characterisation to Determine Deterioration Susceptibility of Irulegi Castle Lime Mortars (Navarre, Spain). Materials. 2019; 12(4):584. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12040584

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ponce-Antón, Graciela, Anna Arizzi, Maria C. Zuluaga, Giuseppe Cultrone, Luis A. Ortega, and Juantxo Agirre Mauleon. 2019. "Mineralogical, Textural and Physical Characterisation to Determine Deterioration Susceptibility of Irulegi Castle Lime Mortars (Navarre, Spain)" Materials 12, no. 4: 584. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12040584

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